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| 13791743235 | population | A group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area | 0 | |
| 13791745516 | population density | refers to the number of individuals per unit area | 1 | |
| 13791749733 | population dispersion | refers to how individuals of a population are spaced within a region | 2 | |
| 13791759745 | carrying capacity (K) | maximum population size that can sustainably be supported by the available resources in the region | 3 | |
| 13791769859 | exponential growth | j-shaped curve | 4 | |
| 13791772744 | logistic growth | s-shaped curve | 5 | |
| 13791777101 | The Rule of 70 | DT=70/GR | 6 | |
| 13791783175 | r-selected species | reproduce early in life high capacity for reproductive growth little to no parental care | 7 | |
| 13791792358 | k-selected species | reproduce later in life produce fewer offspring parental care | 8 | |
| 13791804410 | boom-and-bust cycle | common among r-strategists; rapid change in population increase leads to an equally rapid drop-off |  | 9 |
| 13791811605 | predator-prey cycle | Predator max population will NEVER exceed the prey max population This is because of energy 2nd law of Thermodynamics When energy is converted energy is lost as heat As prey increases, predators increase (abundance of food) Prey decreases because of too many predators (more getting hunted) Predators decrease because there is not enough food (prey) Prey increases because of too few predators | 10 | |
| 13791840252 | density-dependent factors | limiting factor that depends on population size ex. increased predation, competition for food or living space, disease, buildup of toxic materials | 11 | |
| 13791850703 | density-independent factors | change the population's size regardless of whether the population is large or small ex. fire, storms, earthquakes, catastrophic events | 12 | |
| 13791866068 | survivorship curve | type 1: K-selected, the majority of offspring will live for a long period of time, eventually they will start to die off type 2: offspring have a 50-50 chance of surviving to old age (straight downward diagonal line) type 3: r-selected, most offspring die young, but if they live to a certain age they will live a longer life |  | 13 |
| 13791893423 | what is the most populated country? | China | 14 | |
| 13791900681 | actual growth rate | (birth rate+immigration)-(death rate+emigration)/1000 | 15 | |
| 13791908795 | crude birth rate | number of live births per 1000 members of the population in a year | 16 | |
| 13791912442 | crude death rate | number of deaths per 1000 members of the population in a year | 17 | |
| 13791926399 | total fertility rate | the number of children a woman will bear during her lifetime | 18 | |
| 13791930292 | replacement birth rate | number of children a couple must have in order to replace themselves in a population (not always 2, depends on mortality rate- higher mortality rate means a higher replacement birth rate) | 19 | |
| 13791946376 | total fertility rate is affected by these factors | availability of birth control demand for children in the labor force level of education for women population's culture, beliefs, traditions | 20 | |
| 13791965595 | less deaths are due to in large part: | the Industrial Revolution, which improved the standard of living in many developed nations | 21 | |
| 13791970370 | pre-reproductive | 0-14 years old | 22 | |
| 13791972834 | reproductive | 15-44 years old | 23 | |
| 13792079530 | demographic transition model | A sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates through time. 4 states: preindustrial, transitional, industrial, postindustrial |  | 24 |
| 13792085422 | preindustrial state | population has slow growth, high birth rate, high death rate (harsh living conditions) | 25 | |
| 13792090969 | transitional state | high birth rates, lower death rates, rapid population growth high birth rates due to cultural or religious traditions and lack of education for women low death rates due to better food, water, and health care | 26 | |
| 13792103688 | industrial state | Birth rates drops (similar to death rate), slowing down population growth | 27 | |
| 13792113210 | postindustrial state | final state, essentially zero growth | 28 | |
| 13792137315 | genetically modified organisms (GMO) | inserting strands of DNA that code for resistance to pests or larger crop size may lead to less genetic diversity, can lead to crops becoming resistant | 29 | |
| 13792150871 | macronutrients | carbohydrates, proteins, and fats needed in large amounts | 30 | |
| 13792153358 | micronutrients | needed in smaller amounts, vitamins, minerals, iron | 31 | |
| 13792165016 | mass extinctions | during the last 500 million years there have been 5 major mass extinctions | 32 | |
| 13792172192 | urban sprawl | The process of urban areas expanding outwards, usually in the form of suburbs, and developing over fertile agricultural land. | 33 | |
| 13792177653 | ecological footprint | Area of land that is necessary to support all of a person's needs/ wants, and needed to handle all of the waste created Typically measured in hectares (10,000 m^2) US has the largest per capita ecological footprint --Related to affluenza (wealth) | 34 |
