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APES Prior Knowledge Flashcards

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14677711431ElementA pure substance made of only one kind of atom0
14677711432CompoundA substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds1
14677711433MoleculeA group of atoms bonded together2
14677711434AtomBasic unit of matter3
14677711435IonA charged atom4
14677711436OrganicContains carbon, living things5
14677711437InorganicNot formed from living things or the remains of living things6
14677711438NaturalExisting in or caused by nature; not made or caused by humankind.7
14677711439SyntheticMade or put together by people; (n.) something artificial8
14677711440Electromagnetic radiationA form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space9
14677711441EnergyThe ability to do work10
14677711442MatterAnything that has mass and takes up space11
14677711443Kinetic EnergyEnergy of motion12
14677711444Potential EnergyStored energy13
14677711445Radioactive DecayThe breakdown of a radioactive element, releasing particles and energy14
14677711446Half LifeLength of time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay15
14677711447EntropyA measure of disorder or randomness.16
14677711448MetabolismAll of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism17
14677711449MutationChange in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information18
14677711450EcologyScientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment19
14677711451EcosystemA community of organisms and its non living enviornments20
14677711452OrganismA living thing21
14677711453SpeciesA group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.22
14677711454PopulationA group of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area23
14677711455CommunityAll the different populations that live together in an area24
14677711456ProducersOrganisms that make their own food; autotrophs25
14677711457ConsumersAn organism that obtains energy and nutrients by feeding on other organisms or their remains; Heterotrophs26
14677711458Photosynthesis equation6CO2 + 6H2O --> light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O227
14677711459Cellular Respiration equationC6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP28
14677711460AerobicProcess that requires oxygen29
14677711461AnaerobicProcess that does not require oxygen30
14677711462AdaptationA trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce31
14677711463TraitA characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring through its genes.32
14677711464GeneA segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait33
14677711465ChromosomeA threadlike, gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins.34
14677711466Gene PoolCombined genetic information of all the members of a particular population35
14677711467EvolutionChange in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.36
14677711468ExtinctionA term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals.37
14677711469CoreThe central part of the earth below the mantle38
14677711470MantleThe layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core.39
14677711471CrustEarth's outermost layer.40
14677711472FaultA break in the earth's crust41
14677711473WeatheringThe breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.42
14677711474ErosionProcesses by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away (i.e. weathering, glaciation)43
14677711475RocksA naturally formed aggregate, or mixture, of minerals; have varied chemical compositions44
14677711476MineralsA solid inorganic substance of natural occurrence.45
14677711477Igneous RockA type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface46
14677711478Metamorphic RockA type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.47
14677711479Sedimentary RockA type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together48
14677711480Electromagnetic SpectrumAll of the frequencies or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation49

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