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| 5469268835 | health | state of being - balance - max potential - no deficiencies | 0 | |
| 5469268836 | disease | - compromised of one or more {entities} - weakens system - out of balance - decline {entities} - pathogens/ infectious agents - genetic mutations - chemical toxins - technology | 1 | |
| 5469268837 | vector | an organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another | 2 | |
| 5469268838 | pathogens/ infectious agents | - virus (HIV, cold) --> vaccines, antigen - parasites (tape worm, lice, flea, tick) - bacteria (black plague, pink eye, cholera) - protists (giardia, malaria) - fungi (toe fungus, ring worm) Blood-borne: Hepatitis B, Hep C, Malaria Vector-borne: Dengue Fever, Yellow Fever, Chagas Disease Water-borne: Giardia, Mycobacterium, Norovirus Air-borne: colds, flu, Pneumonia | 3 | |
| 5469268839 | modes of transmission | water air food contact blood vector borne | 4 | |
| 5469268840 | tetanus | bacteria dormant in oxygen rich - rust | 5 | |
| 5469268841 | botulinum | bacteria dormant in oxygen poor - neurotoxin - food-borne (canned food) | 6 | |
| 5469268842 | treatment | prevention (vaccines) antibiotics - resistance education hygiene barriers probiotics | 7 | |
| 5469268843 | genetic mutations | causes: replication errors chromosomal abnormalities mutagens (radiation, chemical (agent organe), viruses) | 8 | |
| 5469268844 | teratogen | effect fetus cause birth defects chemicals (DDT, alcohol, thalidomide) - lack of folic acid - exess of something | 9 | |
| 5469268845 | carcinogens | cancer causing mutations | 10 | |
| 5469268846 | allergies and sensitivities | genetic component allergens: pollen, pollutants, dust, dander, food, mold immune system overreacting - sensitization --> anaphylaxis (airways close) --> desensitization (Benadryl, epinephrin) | 11 | |
| 5469268847 | chemical toxins | neurotoxins - affect nervous system - venoms - anesthetics - drugs - poisons (curare, cyanide (blocks ETC in mitochondria), hemlock, etc - nerve gas - heavy metals/ arsenic Neurotoxins are toxic substances that inhibit, damage, or destroy tissue in the nervous system, especially neurons. This can result in negative effects including behavior changes, seizures, and even death. Lead in the human body causes many complications because it inhibits oxygen and calcium transport and alters nerve transmission in the brain. This is due to the fact that once it gets into a person's system, it is distributed throughout the body just like helpful minerals such as iron, calcium, and zinc. This causes side effects such as insomnia, delirium, cognitive deficits, tremor, hallucinations, and convulsions. | 12 | |
| 5469268848 | heavy metals/ arsenic | "body burden" - concentration that effects mercury, lead, copper, nickel, silver, cadmium, gold - stored in fat tissue and replace other elements and compounds | 13 | |
| 5469268849 | chelation process | The chelation process removes toxic heavy metals by using a variety of other substances that bind to the metals and help remove them. In humans, for example, EDTA is an amino acid that is generally administered to help remove calcium and lead from the body. The EDTA binds to these metals and helps carry them through the body systems so that they can be excreted through the urine. | 14 | |
| 5469268850 | acute exposure | one time, maybe high dose | 15 | |
| 5469268851 | long-term exposure | many times over long period, may be low dose | 16 | |
| 5469268852 | acute effects | effects that are short terms and occur quickly after exposure | 17 | |
| 5469268853 | long-term effects | effects that show up later but last longer | 18 | |
| 5469268854 | synergy | greater effect together than each do separately - amplification of effects | 19 | |
| 5469268855 | antagonistic | interfere with each other | 20 | |
| 5469268856 | organic compounds | carbon-based molecules (CO2 exception) endocrine disruptors synthetic organic compounds | 21 | |
| 5469268857 | endocrine disruptors | appear like hormones (Hormones are chemicals messengers usually used to communicate things about growth, development, and other bodily functions/ processes that are secreted directly into the bloodstream) - disrupt signal pathway - blocking - activating signal pathway * development problems, abnormalities, reproductive problems (sex changes in fish, amphibians - estrogen mimics) - pesticides, herbicides, plastic derivatives (PCBs) | 22 | |
| 5469268858 | synthetic organic compounds | manufactured - hard to break down in nature tend to be persistent - doesn't break down (DDT) PCBs, BPA (plastic liner), CFCs (chloro-fluoro-carbons) - ozone degradation | 23 | |
| 5469268859 | technology | phones, microwaves, bluetooth - electro magnetic radiation effects: mutations - carcinogens chemicals (drilling, etc) light - light pollution noise thermal - water temps | 24 | |
| 5469268860 | particulates | small particles plastics - nurdles, microbeads exhaust, smoke, ash dust pollen heavy metals material - asbestos effects: - hard to remove/ manage - breathe in (respiratory problems) - cover surfaces - reduce visibility | 25 | |
| 5469268861 | dose | amount | 26 | |
| 5469268862 | concentration | solution | 27 | |
| 5469268865 | ED | effective dose dose giving a positive response | 28 | |
| 5469268866 | TD | toxic dose dose giving a negative response | 29 | |
| 5469268867 | LD | lethal dose dose causing death | 30 | |
| 5469268869 | margin of safety | the farther apart, the safer // the closer together they are, really dangerous | 31 | |
| 5469268871 | hazardous | a substance that may cause substantial personal injury or illness during reasonable handling or use, including possible ingestion by children | 32 | |
| 5469268872 | corrosive | capable of eating away materials and destroying living tissue when contact occurs ex: drain cleaners, oven cleaners, lye | 33 | |
| 5469268873 | irritant | causes injury to the area of the body that it comes in contact with after immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact ex: toilet cleaners, chlorine bleach cleaners, pool chemicals | 34 | |
| 5469268876 | toxic | poisonous, either immediately (acutely toxic) or over a long period of time (chronically toxic) eg, cancer, birth defects, or neurotoxicity (toxic to nerves) - more toxic - products that have nitrite or single elements not in a mixture ex: brake fluid, insecticides, fertilizers, rat poison, antifreeze | 35 | |
| 5469268877 | ingestion | eating or drinking hazardous substances or contaminated foods and water and absorbing these substances through your gastrointestinal tract | 36 | |
| 5469268878 | inhalation | breathing in gases, vapors, and sprays that are absorbed through the lungs and enter the bloodstream | 37 | |
| 5469268879 | dermal (skin or eye contact) | hazardous substances contact the skin (dermal) or enter the eye causing injuries | 38 | |
| 5469268880 | poison | highly toxic paint/ varnish removers, antifreeze | 39 | |
| 5469268885 | FHSA | Fed Hazardous Substance Act standardizes labeling --> restrictions (colors, symbols, #s) US specific | 40 | |
| 5469268886 | FIFRA | Fed Insecticide, Fungicide, Rodenticide Act pesticides development, packaging, marketing, usage - registered --> can't cause unreasonable neg effects on environment and people if used correctly (low LD50, short half-life) - residues on foods US | 41 | |
| 5469268887 | CERCLS | "superfund" used to clean up extremely contaminated environmental disasters/ areas --> chemical disasters provides $ to clean things up and make them livable US | 42 | |
| 5469268888 | resistance | Pesticide resistance occurs when certain organisms have an adaptation that allows them to not be affected as much by the pesticide. Through natural selection, these organisms are favored, reproduce, and pass their resistant genes onto the next generation. Similarly, drug resistance occurs when organisms such as bacteria has an advantageous mutation that allows them to continue to survive and reproduce in the presence of the drug that is supposed to kill them. | 43 | |
| 5469268889 | persistent environmental impact | The longer an environment is exposed to a toxin, the organisms change and adapt to try to survive in the new environment. This creates lasting effects on future generations as mutations and defects occur, usually resulting in population decline. DDT can be found in all birds and fish in the world and it is estimated that it would take 10 to 20 years to be completely DDT free. The persistent nature of a chemical makes it so that its toxic effects are felt for a long time in environmental systems. They creep into all forms of life and every level of organisms so that they become a part of the ecosystem and there is not one organism that isn't affected in some way. Because of this, its influence is amplified. | 44 |
