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APES Week 04 Vocabulary Flashcards

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4996433517Crustal AbundanceThe average concentration of an element in Earth's crust.0
4996433518OreA concentrated accumulation of minerals from which economically valuable materials can be extracted.1
4996433519MetalAn element with properties that allows it to conduct electricity and heat energy, and perform other important functions.2
4996433520ReserveIn resource management, the known quantity of a resource that can be economically recovered.3
4996433521Strip miningThe removal of strips of soil and rock to expose ore.4
4996433522TailingsUnwanted waste material created during mining.5
4996433523Open-pit miningA mining technique that uses a large pit or hole in the ground, visible from the surface of Earth.6
4996433524Mountaintop removalA mining technique in which the entire top of a mountain is removed with explosives.7
4996433525Placer miningThe process of looking for minerals, metals, and precious stones in river sediments.8
4996433526Subsurface miningMining techniques used when the desired resource is more than 100 m (328 feet) below the surface of Earth.9
4996433527WasteMaterial outputs from a system that are not useful or consumed.10
4996433528Throw-away societyA critical view of consumerism, overconsumption and excessive production of short-lived or disposable items.11
4996433529Municipal Solid WasteGarbage or trash consisting of everyday items that are discarded by the public.12
4996433530Waste streamThe flow of solid waste that is recycled, incinerated, placed in a solid waste landfill, or disposed of in another way.13
4996433531E-WasteElectronic products nearing the end of their "useful life."14
4996433532Source reductionAn approach to waste management that seeks to cut waste by reducing the use of potential waste materials in the early stages of design and manufacture.15
4996433533ReuseUsing a product or material again when it was intended to be discarded.16
4996433534RecyclingThe process by which materials destined to become municipal solid waste are collected and converted into raw material that is then used to produce new objects.17
4996433535Closed-loop recyclingRecycling a product into the same product.18
4996433536Open-loop recyclingRecycling one product into a different product.19
4996433537CompostA mixture of various decaying organic substances, such as dead leaves or manure, for fertilizing soil.20

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