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APES Week 17a Vocabulary Flashcards

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5757336728Broad-spectrum pesticideA pesticide that kills many different types of pest.0
5757336729BycatchThe unintentional catch of nontarget species while fishing.1
5757336730CAFOA large indoor or outdoor structure used to raise animals at very high densities.2
5757336731Economies of scaleThe observation that average costs of production fall as output increases.3
5757336732Energy subsidyThe energy input per calorie of food produced.4
5757336733FisheryA commercially harvestable population of fish within a particular ecological region.5
5757336734Fishery collapseThe decline of a fish population by 90 percent or more.6
5757336735Green revolutionA shift in agricultural practices in the twentieth century that included new management techniques, mechanization, fertilization, irrigation, and improved crop varieties, and resulted in increased food output.7
5757336736HerbicideA pesticide that targets plant species that compete with crops.8
5757336737Industrial agricultureAgriculture that applies the techniques of mechanization and standardization.9
5757336738InsecticideA pesticide that targets species of insects and other invertebrates that consume crops.10
5757336739MonocroppingAn agricultural method that utilizes large plantings of a single species or variety.11
5757336740Non-persistent pesticideA pesticide that breaks down rapidly, usually in weeks or months.12
5757336741Organic fertilizerFertilizer composed of organic matter from plants and animals.13
5757336742Persistent pesticideA pesticide that remains in the environment for a long time.14
5757336743PesticideA substance, either natural or synthetic, that kills or controls organisms that people consider pests.15
5757336744Pesticide resistanceA trait possessed by certain individuals that are exposed to a pesticide and survive.16
5757336745Pesticide treadmillA cycle of pesticide development, followed by pest resistance, followed by new pesticide development.17
5757336746Selective pesticideA pesticide that targets a narrow range of organisms.18
5757336747Soil salinizationA form of soil degradation that occurs when the small amount of salts in irrigation water becomes highly concentrated on the soil surface through evaporation.19
5757336748Synthetic fertilizerFertilizer produced commercially, normally with the use of fossil fuels.20
5757336749WaterloggingA form of soil degradation that occurs when soil remains under water for prolonged periods.21

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