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| 331242145 | waving the bloody shirt | This was a campaign tactic used by post-Civil War Republicans to remind northern voters that the Confederates were Democrats. The device was used to divert attention away from the competence of candidates and from serious issues. It was also used to appeal to black voters in the South. | |
| 331242146 | interstate commerce act | prohibited rebates and pools, required railroads to publish rates, forbade discrimination against shippers, and outlawed charging more for short haul than for a long one over the same line | |
| 331242147 | louis sullivan | United States architect known for his steel framed skyscrapers and for coining the phrase 'form follows function' (1856-1924) | |
| 331242148 | long drives | A cattle drive in which Texas ranchers drove herds of cattle north to be sold in northern markets | |
| 331242149 | jp morgan | Banker who buys out Carnegie Steel and renames it to U.S. Steel. Was a philanthropist in a way; he gave all the money needed for WWI and was payed back. Was one of the "Robber barons" | |
| 331242151 | chief joseph | Lead the Nez Perce during the hostilities between the tribe and the U.S. Army in 1877. His speech "I Will Fight No More Forever" mourned the young Indian men killed in the fighting. | |
| 331242159 | cross of gold speech | An address given by Bryan, the Democratic presidential nominee during the national convention of the Democratic party, it criticized the gold standard and supported the coinage of silver. His beliefs were popular with debt-ridden farmers. | |
| 331242160 | radical reconstruction | Punish south, protect former slaves; US military occupation of South, Confederate military leaders needed pardon to hold office, protect Blacks right to vote | |
| 331242163 | plessy v ferguson | a 1896 Supreme Court decision which legalized state ordered segregation so long as the facilities for blacks and whites were equal | |
| 331242165 | joseph pulitzer | Hungarian-born journalistic tycoon who lead the techniques of sensationalism, especially with his New York World. Published the first comic, the Yellow Kid. | |
| 331242167 | knights of labor | Labor union founded by Uriah S. Stephens in 1869, that grew out of the collapse of the National Labor Union and was replaced by AF of L after a number of botched strikes | |
| 331242169 | gospel of wealth | This was a book written by Carnegie that described the responsibility of the rich to be philanthropists. This softened the harshness of Social Darwinism as well as promoted the idea of philanthropy. | |
| 331242171 | yellow journalism | Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers | |
| 331242174 | social darwinism | The application of ideas about evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for their imperialist expansion. | |
| 331242176 | vertical integration | Practice where a single entity controls the entire process of a product, from the raw materials to distribution | |
| 331242178 | civil rights act of 1866 | law that gave African Americans citizenship and guaranteed them the same legal rights as while Americans | |
| 331242180 | jim crow laws | The "separate but equal" segregation laws state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965 | |
| 331242182 | redemption | southern democrats' term for their return to power in the south in the 1870s | |
| 331242184 | sewards folly | What many Americans called Alaska after the purchase of it because they thought of it as a land of icy mountains and frozen fish | |
| 331242186 | boss tweed | A political boss who carried corruption to new extremes, and cheated the city out of more than $100 million | |
| 331242188 | chinese exclusion act | Pased in 1882; banned Chinese immigration in US for a total of 40 years because the United States thought of them as a threat. Caused chinese population in America to decrease. | |
| 331242190 | andrew carnegie | A Scottish-born American industrialist and philanthropist who founded the Carnegie Steel Company in 1892. By 1901, his company dominated the American steel industry. | |
| 331242192 | credit moblier scandal | Union Pacific Railway created a ficticious construction company and hired itself to work (using government funds), scandal broke loose and leaders attempted to bribe Congress with Union Pacific stock | |
| 331242194 | wounded knee | village in South Dakota. In 1890 it was the site of a massacre of Native North Americans in which between 150 and 370 Sioux people were killed, most of them unarmed. |
