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APUSH 23-25 (American Pageant) Flashcards

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311581534Election of 1868Grant (R) vs. Horatio Seymour (D)0
311581535"The Ohio Idea"Print more paper money for redemption of federal war bonds. [Gold vs. Paper Money Debate]1
311581536"Waving the Bloody Shirt"Dredging up memories of the war (Grant)2
311581537Tweed RingLed by Boss Tweed; Used intimidation, bribery tactics to create fraudulent elections and milk NYC3
311581538Credit Mobilier ScandalMembers of Union Pacific RR formed Credit Mobilier construction company and hired themselves at inflated prices to get money from the government.4
311581539Whiskey RingRobbed the Treasury of millions in Excise tax refunds.5
311581540Liberal RepublicansWanted to "Turn the Rascals Out" and urged the end of military reconstruction. Greeley was their candidate.6
311581541Election of 1872Greeley (LR) vs. Grant (R)7
311581542Cheap-Money SupportersDebtors and Agrican groups wanted more money printed so that currency deprecated in value. [More Greenbacks]8
311581543Hard-Money SupportersCreditors did not want their loans repaid in devalued currency. [Gold & Silver Supporters]9
311581544Resumption Act of 1875The government pledged to remove greenbacks from circulation and to redeem paper currency with gold at face value starting in 1879.10
311581545Gilded AgeSarcastic nickname for the three decades following the Civil War where corruption abounded. Thought of by Mark Twain.11
311581546Election of 1876Hayes vs. Tilden12
311581547Compromise of 1877In return for Hayes taking office, Democrats wanted troops withdrawn from the south and patronage for their supporters. In return, Republicans would abandon their commitment to states' rights.13
311581548Plessy v. FurgesonLegalized separate but equal facilities under the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment.14
311581549Railroad Strike of 1877Employee wages cut by 10% in four large companies. President Hayes called in federal troops to quell the unrest. Exposed the weaknesses of the Labor Movement.15
311581550Election of 1880Garfield (Arthur) vs. Hancock16
311581551StalwartsPatronage supporters; so-called "Old Guard" republicans loyal to Grant17
311581552Half-BreedsFollowed Secretary of State James Blaine and wanted to reform patronage.18
311581553Pendleton ActMade compulsory campaign contributions from federal employees illegal and established the civil service commission to make appointments on the basis of competitive exams.19
311581554Election of 1884Blaine vs. Cleveland20
311581555Grover Clevelandadvocated Laissez-Faire government. Was tactless and direct, outspoken and hot-tempered.21
311581556Populist Party DemandsInflation via coinage of silver; graduated income tax; government ownership of railroad, telegraph, telephone; direct US senator election; one-term presidency; shorter workday; immigration restrictions; adoption of referendum.22
311581557Homestead Strike300 armed Pinkerton detectives were called in to crush a strike at a Carnegie steelworker plant over pay cuts.23
311581558Cleveland's Response to DepressionHalt the draw on Treasury Gold by repealing the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1890. Cleveland turns to wealthy bankers (Like J.P. Morgan) for loans; the bankers lent 65 million dollars in gold.24
311581559Transcontinental RailroadRequired Government Subsidies - land and money; Union Pacific (West from Omaha, used Irish Labor), Central Pacific (East from Sacramento, used Chinese Labor)25
311581560Rebateoffer to powerful shippers to cut rates in return for steady business26
311581561The Grange(Patrons of Husbandry) - Farmers protested against their mistreatment by railroad companies. Wanted Government regulation27
311581562The Wabash CaseSupreme Court ruled that only the federal government may regulate interstate commerce.28
311581563Interstate Commerce Act1887 - Prohibited Rebates and pools, required railroads to post rates, and set up ICC to monitor railroads.29
311581564Alexander Graham BellInvented the Telephone30
311581565Thomas EdisonInvented Phonograph, Mimeograph, Dictaphone, Lightbulb, etc.31
311581566CarnegiePowerful steel producer32
311581567Vertical Integrationowning all aspects of production and distribution for a product.33
311581568RockefellerMaster of Horizontal Integration; (The trust/monopoly)34
311581569Horizontal Integration (The Trust)Allying with competitors to monopolize a given market (Standard Oil)35
311581570JP MorganBought out Carnegie when he retired36
311581571Interlocking DirectoratesConsolidated Rival Enterprises and placed officers of one company on the boards of another37
311581572US SteelAmerica's First billion dollar corporation38
311581573Gospel of WealthSaid that the wealthy had been entrusted with society's wealth and thus had to prove themselves morally responsible.39
311581574Social Darwinistsmillionaires are a product of natural selection40
311581575Sherman Anti-Trust Act(1890) Forbade combinations in restraint of trade. Many legal loopholes41
311581576Company TownA town owned and operated by a corporation42
311581577Injunctiona court order to return to work; allowed companies to call in police43
311581578Yellow Dog ContractPrevented signer from joining a labor union44
311581579lockoutlocked factory doors against rebellious workers45
311581580NLUskilled, unskilled, farm labor; nominally included women and blacks. Wanted 8 hr. workday.46
311581581Knights of LaborFollowed NLU. Sought to include all workers, even non-producers; wanted economic/social reform, codes for safety & health47
311581582Haymarket Square1886 in Chicago; several dozen people killed/injured by a bombing during a strike; associated Knights with anarchy (no proof)48
311581583AF of LAssociation of Self-Governing national unions that sought better wages, hours, and working conditions. Skilled craftsmen only.49
311581584Closed ShopOnly union labor allowed in the factory, corporation, etc.50
311581585Growth of Citiesskyscrapers, trolley, mass-transit, electricity/telephones, indoor plumbing, people held industrial jobs. Growth of consumerism51
311581586City Problemscrime, sanitation, impure water, uncollected garbage, animal waste, slums.52
311581587Dumbbell Tenement7/8 stories, shallow sunless shafts for minimal ventilation, several families shared a hall toilet. Originally for middle class but became slums.53
311581588Old vs. New ImmigrantsOld immigrants came from northern and western Europe - British, Germans, Scandinavians. New immigrants came from southern & eastern Europe - Russia, Poland (Orthodox Christians and Jews). New immigrants did not fit in well.54
311581589Jane Addams/Hull HouseA settlement house to help women and children & to offer English instruction, childcare, and counseling55
311581590NativismAnti-foreigner sentiments; reaction to immigration - emerged in 1880.56
311581591American Protective AssociationMajor nativist organization that claimed a million members57
311581592Salvation Army(Imported From England); gave aid to poor and unfortunate people58
311581593Christian Science ChurchMary Baker Eddy - believes that sickness is healed by true practices of Christianity59
311581594YMCA & YWCAcombined religious and physical education "Young Men/Women's Christian Association"60
311581595Chatauqua Movement(1874) Provided Lectures featuring well-known speakers and courses for home study.61
311581596Booker T. WashingtonTaught Black students in Tuskegee, AL useful trades - "accomodationist approach" because it stopped just short of challenging white supremacy. Avoided equality issue.62
311581597WEB DuBoisCalled Washington an "uncle tom" and demanded complete equality for blacks. Founded NAACP63
311581598Pulitzer and Hearst/"Yellow Journalism""Sensationalist" news - simply and punchily written - "Yellow Kid" comic supplements.64
311581599Horatio Alger StoriesA Puritan New-Englander who wrote 100 volumes of Juvenile Fiction that sold over 100 million copies. "Survival of the Purest" themes65
311581600Comstock Law of 1873Law against pornography, including birth control.66
311581601Victoria WoodhullPublicly proclaimed her belief in free love. Published "Wooodull and Claflin's Weekly" with her sister.67
311581602Carrie Chapman CattWomen's suffrage; Argued not than women were equal but that they needed the vote to carry out their role as homemakers and mothers in the city.68
311581603Frances WillardChampioned the Temperance cause; also was a planned-parenthood supporter.69
311581604Carrie A. NationHusband had died of alcoholism; smashed saloon bottles and bars violently.70
311581605Anti-Saloon League1893; members sang songs and attempted to pass statewide prohibitions. Temporary amendment in 1919 but later was repealed. *Maine Prohibition71

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