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APUSH American Paegent Ch. 8 Flashcards

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224502791George WashingtonVirginian planter, held the rank of colonel in a militia before he became general. Leader and strategist of the Continental Army0
224502792George Rogers ClarkFrontiersman who had the idea of a surprise attack on British forts in Illinois country. He and his army floated down the Ohio River and were able to capture many forts with only 175 men1
224502793Richard Henry LeeStatesman from Virginia. On June 7, 1776 he suggested that the colonies become independent states and after much debate the idea was adopted, about a month later, on July 2, 1776.2
224502794Horatio GatesMade British General Burgoyne surrender his forces at Saratoga3
224502795John Paul JonesYoung Scotsman who was the most famous officer in America's navy4
224502796Charles CornwallisBritish general in the Revolutionary war, he was defeated at Yorktown on October 19, 1781.5
224502797mercenariesSoldiers who fight for money, not for any specific nation or cause.6
224502798Second Continental CongressOrganized the continental Army, called on the colonies to send troops, selected George Washington to lead the army, and appointed the comittee to draft the Declaration of Independence7
224502799Loyalitsts/ToriesThe Loyalists or Tories were colonists who disagreed with the move for independence and did not support the Revolution.8
224502800TiconderogaEthan Allen and Benidict Arnold suprised and captured Ticonderoga and gained gunpowder and artillery for the siege of Boston.9
224502801TrentonThe day after Christmas, George Washington suprised a group of Hessians under British control at Trenton and was able to take them prisoner10
224502802Barry St. LegerWas a British colonel, led Western offensive that formed one leg of the Saratoga campaign.11
224502803Admiral de GrasseFrench admiral who operated a fleet in the West Indies adivsed them that he was free to join them in an assualt on Cornwallis. He cornered Cornwallis at Yorktown by blocking the sea.12
224502804Patrick HenryPassionate revolutionary, "Give me liberty or give me death"13
224502805Comte de RochambeauCommander of a powerful French army, arrived in Newport Rhode Island. Came in the Summer of 1780.14
224502806John JayWas an American peace negotiator. He secretly made trips to London. London eager to entice an enemy from the enemy alliance they quickly came to terms with the Americans. By the Treaty of Paris the British recognized the independence of America.15
224502807Thomas JeffersonRevolutionary leader, wrote the declaration of independece. Was an examplar of Republican principals.16
224502808Natural RightsJefferson used Natural Rights in the declaration of Independence and he gave his appeal universality by invoking "natural rights" not just British rights.17
224502809Declaration of IndependenceWas more of an explanation of Independence. Written by Thomas Jefferson and was approved on July 4, 1776. He argued that the colonists were justified in servering their connection.18
224502810Common Sense Written by Thomas Paine,argued that no where in the universe was a larger body ruled by a smaller body, and this same rule should apply to America and Britain.19
224502811Bunker HillIn June 1775 the Colonists seized Bunker Hill and when attacked they inflicted heavy casualties on the British troops. Eventually had to retreat as their ammo ran out.20
224502812PrincetonGeorge Washington left his campfires burning and then inflicted a sharp defeat on the British forces at Princeton.21
224518623Valley ForgeWashington spent the winter 20 miles from Philidelphia at Valley Forge and there was much misery, but Baron Von Steuben whipped the colonists into shape.22
224518624William HoweGeneral Howe attacked New York with 35,000 men and attacked Philidelphia when he should have been going to help Burgoyne up the Hudson River.23
224518625Nathanael GreeneGeneral, who was a Quaker born tactition. Used a strategy of delay, and he cleared most of Georgia and South Carolina of troops.24
224518626SaratogaGeneral Burgoyne was slowed down by militiamen and eventually the British army was trapped. General Burgoyne was forced to surrender his forces at Saratoga to the American general Horatio Gates.25
224518627Bendedict ArnoldAmerican General, captured Ticonderoga and was shot during the Quebec campaign. Was a traitor to the Continental Army and became British brigadier general when he believed he was not being recognized for his accomplishments.26

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