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| 3322121854 | Harriet Beecher Stowe | (1811-1896) American author and daughter of Lyman Beecher, she was an abolitionist and author of the famous antislavery novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin. | 0 | |
| 3322121855 | Hinton R. Helper | Individual who tried to convince southern yeoman farmers that slavery actually reduced their standard of living | 1 | |
| 3322121856 | John Brown | (1800-1859) anti-slavery advocate who believed that God had called upon him to abolish slavery. May or may not have been mentally unstable. Devoted over 20 years to fighting slavery, due to misunderstanding, in revenge he and his followers (his sons and others) killed five men in the pro slavery settlement of Pottawatomie Creek. Triggered dozens of incidents throughout Kansas some 200 people were killed. Was executed, still debated over whether he is a saint or killer. | 2 | |
| 3322121857 | James Buchanan | The 15th President of the United States (1857-1861). He tried to maintain a balance between proslavery and antislavery factions, but his moderate views angered radicals in both North and South, and he was unable to forestall the secession of South Carolina on December 20, 1860. | 3 | |
| 3322122652 | Charles Sumner | A leader of the Radical republicans along with Thaddeus Stevens. He was from Massachusetts and was in the senate. His two main goals were breaking the power of wealthy planters and ensuring that freedmen could vote. | 4 | |
| 3322122653 | John C. Fremont | an American military officer, explorer, the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States, and the first presidential candidate of a major party to run on a platform in opposition to slavery. | 5 | |
| 3322122654 | Dred Scott | A black slave, had lived with his master for 5 years in Illinois and Wisconsin Territory. Backed by interested abolitionists, he sued for freedom on the basis of his long residence on free soil. The ruling on the case was that He was a black slave and not a citizen, so he had no rights. | 6 | |
| 3322123522 | Roger Taney | Chief Justice of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case. He stated that Scott was not a free man and that his case was unconstitutional. | 7 | |
| 3322123523 | John C. Breckenridge | One of the two democratic candidates against Lincoln. The other was Stephen A Douglas. He was nominated by the Southern Democrats. Buchanan's VP. | 8 | |
| 3322123524 | Abraham Lincoln | (1809-1865) Sixteenth president of the United States, he promoted equal rights for African Americans in the famed Lincoln- Douglas debates. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation and set in motion the Civil War, but he was determined to preserve the Union. He was assassinated in 1865. | 9 | |
| 3322124246 | Jefferson Davis | An American statesman and politician who served as President of the Confederate States of America for its entire history from 1861 to 1865 | 10 | |
| 3322124247 | John Crittenden | A Senator from Kentucky who made a last effort to save the Union by introducing a bill to extend the Missouri Compromise line to the Pacific, and he proposed an amendment to the Constitution that would guarantee forever the right to hold slaves in states south of the compromise line. | 11 | |
| 3322124248 | self-determination | The right of people to choose their own form of government | 12 | |
| 3322124881 | southern nationalism | The idea that the south would develop into its own country. This lead to the Confederate States of America | 13 | |
| 3322124882 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1853 that highly influenced England's view on the American Deep South and slavery. A novel promoting abolition, it intensified sectional conflict. | 14 | |
| 3322124883 | The Impending Crisis of the South | A book written by Hinton Helper. Helper hated both slavery and blacks and used this book to try to prove that non-slave owning whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery. The non-aristocrat from N.C. had to go to the North to find a publisher that would publish his book. | 15 | |
| 3322126221 | New England Immigrant Aid Society | Was a transportation company in Boston, Massachusetts, created to transport immigrants to the Kansas Territory to shift the balance of power so that Kansas would enter the United States as a free state rather than a slave state. | 16 | |
| 3322126222 | Pottawatomie Creek Massacre | In reaction to the sacking of Lawrence by pro-slavery forces, John Brown and a band of abolitionist settlers killed five pro-slavery settlers north of Pottawatomie Creek in Franklin County, Kansas | 17 | |
| 3322127003 | Lecompton Constitution | Supported the existence of slavery in the proposed state and protected rights of slaveholders. It was rejected by Kansas, making Kansas an eventual free state. | 18 | |
| 3322127004 | "Bleeding Kansas" | A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent. | 19 | |
| 3322127587 | Dred Scott v. Sanford | Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process - basically slaves would remain slaves in non-slave states and slaves could not sue because they were not citizens | 20 | |
| 3322127588 | Panic of 1857 | Began with the failure of the Ohio Life Insurance Company and spread to the urban east. The depression affected the industrial east and the wheat belt more than the South. | 21 | |
| 3322128466 | Lincoln-Douglas debates | 1858 Senate Debate, Lincoln forced Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supported popular sovereignty, Lincoln asserted that slavery should not spread to territories, Lincoln emerged as strong Republican candidate. | 22 | |
| 3322128467 | Freeport Doctrine | Doctrine developed by Stephen Douglas that said the exclusion of slavery in a territory could be determined by the refusal of the voters to enact any laws that would protect slave property. It was unpopular with Southerners, and thus cost him the election. | 23 | |
| 3322128468 | Harpers Ferry raid | Occurred in October of 1859. John Brown of Kansas attempted to create a major revolt among the slaves. He wanted to ride down the river and provide the slaves with arms from the North, but he failed to get the slaves organized. Brown was captured. The effects of this were as such: the South saw the act as one of treason and were encouraged to separate from the North, and Brown became a martyr to the northern abolitionist cause. | 24 | |
| 3322129463 | "Beecher's Bibles" | Deadly rifles paid for by New England abolitionists and brought to Kansas by antislavery pioneers. | 25 | |
| 3322129464 | Crittenden Compromise | 1860 - attempt to prevent Civil War by Senator Crittenden - offered a Constitutional amendment recognizing slavery in the territories south of the 36º30' line, noninterference by Congress with existing slavery, and compensation to the owners of fugitive slaves - defeated by Republicans | 26 | |
| 3322140213 | Tariff of 1857 | created in response to the financial crash of 1857, reduced duties to 20%, northerners angered about low tariff walls, yet another source of north-south tension. | 27 | |
| 3322142249 | Freeport question | Abe Lincoln asked Douglas whether the court of the people should decide the future of slavery in the territories. | 28 | |
| 3322143710 | Constitutional Union Party | Also known as the "do-nothings" or "Old Gentlemen's" party; 1860 election; it was a middle of the road group that feared for the Union- consisted mostly of Whigs and Know-Nothings, met in Baltimore and nominated John Bell from Tennessee as candidate for presidency-the slogan for this candidate was "The Union, the Constitution, and the Enforcement of the laws." | 29 | |
| 3322143711 | Confederate States of America | (1860) A group of eight Southern states that seceded from the Union, beginning with South Carolina, The Confederacy was led by Jefferson Davis; He eventually attacked the federally controlled Fort Sumter on April 12th 1861, marking the first battle of the Civil War. The Confederacy struggled economically during the war, lagging behind the Union's industrialization. This desperately contribute to their defeat. | 30 | |
| 3322146337 | Henry Ward Beecher | Theologically liberal American Congregationalist clergyman & reformer, & author. One of his elder sisters was Harriet Beecher Stowe, author of Uncle Tom's Cabin. An advocate of women's suffrage & for temperance, & a foe of slavery, he bought guns to support Bleeding Kansas | 31 | |
| 3322146338 | Preston Brooks | A hot tempered Congressman of South Carolina took vengeance in his own hands. He beat Sumner with a cane until he was restrained by other Senators. He later resigned from his position, but was soon reelected. | 32 | |
| 3322147556 | Stephen A. Douglas | An Illinois Senator who ran against Lincoln, Bell, and Breckenridge in the 1860 presidential election on a popular sovereignty platform for slavery, He also authored the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which repealed the Missouri Compromise and heightened the slavery debate | 33 |
