Key Terms from the quiz
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| 1753302665 | Irish | In 1840-1850 there was an increase of immigrants to America due to a potato feline in Ireland. The Irish were typically illiterate and poor. They took up jobs such as being domestic servants and construction workers. Many were Roman Catholics which caused friction with the Protestant Americans. Due to Americans moving westward and immigrants coming into ester ports, the immigrants worked in the factories. Because there were so many of them coming into the country, politicians targeted them for their vote by offering them offices and direct participation which slowly moved the Irish up the social and government ladder. | 0 | |
| 1753302666 | Germans | In 1830-1860, there was an increase of German immigrants to America, although there weren't as many as the Irish. The immigrating Germans were escaping from political troubles in their own country. Typically, Germans were wealthier than the Irish and brought over more possessions. They wanted to preserve their same traditions and culture so Germans tended to live in tight-knit communities in western land. Some of their influences on Americans are introducing Kindergarten and rifles to the country. German politicians (48ers) also came to America to escape persecution in Germany. | 1 | |
| 1753302667 | Samuel Slater | "Father of the factory system" 1791 He was a British mechanic who came to America to create the 1st American machinery that efficiently spun cotton into thread | 2 | |
| 1753302668 | Eli Whitney | 1793 - Cotton gin His cotton gin invention was able to efficiently separate the seeds from the cotton fibers. This revived the slavery system 1798 - Interchangeable parts His idea became the basis of modern mass-production | 3 | |
| 1753302669 | Elias Howe | 1846 - Sewing Machine This invention boosted Northern industrialization and drove women into factories | 4 | |
| 1753302670 | Samuel Morse | 1844 - Telegraph He strung a cable from Washington to Baltimore (40 miles) and typed the message "What hath God wrought" | 5 | |
| 1753302671 | Commonwealth vs Hunt | This case determined that labor unions are not illegal conspiracies and their methods are "honorable and peaceful". (Massachusetts Supreme Court) | 6 | |
| 1753302672 | Lowell, Massachusetts | A Boston Associates textile mill, considered a showplace factory. "Factory girls" worked here. They were heavily supervised, escorted everywhere, and absolutely No Unions permitted | 7 | |
| 1753302673 | National Road/Cumberland Road | Completed in 1852 A 591 mile highway from West Maryland to Vandalla, Illinois | 8 | |
| 1753302674 | Robert Fulton | A painter and engineer who created the first steamboat, the Clermont or "Fulton's Folly". In 1807, the Clermont travelled 150 miles up the Hudson River in 32 hours. Now, Americans could defy the wind and currents. Rivers now turned into 2-way highways and it opened up the West and South trading with this inexpensive way to transport goods | 9 | |
| 1753302675 | DeWitt Clinton | The New York governor who built the Erie Canal (36 miles) in 1817-1825. This decreased the cost of imported goods. | 10 | |
| 1753302676 | Nativism | the nosier American "nativists" who ralled for political action and in 1849 formed the Order of the Star Spangled Banner | 11 | |
| 1753302677 | Clipper ships | American boats, built during the 1840's in Boston, that were sleek and fast but inefficient in carrying a lot of cargo or passengers. British steamers were more efficient than these ships and so Britain remained the #1 naval power. | 12 | |
| 1753302678 | Know-nothing party | refers to the secret society of the Order of the Star-Spangled Banner | 13 | |
| 1753302679 | Limited Liability | Limited Liability Refers to the fact that a business with public tosck can fail without any one person losing all of their money | 14 | |
| 1753302680 | Transportation Revolution | The beginning of better transportation ways in America including the steamboat, train, and better roads and canals | 15 | |
| 1753302681 | Cult of Domesticity | a widespread culture creed that glorified the traditional functions of the woman homemaker in 1850. Married women commanded immense moral power, and they increasingly made decisions that altered the family. | 16 | |
| 1753302682 | Frontier Life | despite popular myth, life on the frontier was rough due to poor housing and food, social and geographic isolation, crude male bloodsport - all above conditions influenced this western era of "rugged individualism" - literature examples: Ralph Waldo Emerson's lecture "Self-Reliance" as well as James Fenimore Cooper and Herman Melville | 17 | |
| 1753302683 | Market Revolution | The market revolution transformed a subsistence economy of scattered farms and tiny workshops into a national network of industry and commerce. Greater mechanization and a more robust market-oriented economy raised new legal questions about winners and losers. Under Chief Justice John Marshall, the U.S. Supreme Court vigilantly protected contract rights by requiring state governments to grant irrevocable charters. Monopolies were easily developed, which made it hard for new companies to break into markets. After Marshall died, the new chief justice (Roger B. Taney) made a decision to open new entrepreneurial channels and encouraged greater competition. | 18 | |
| 1753302684 | molly maguires | A secret Irish organization of coal miners in regions of western Pennsylvania and West Virgina in the mid to late 1800's. The miners worked together to achieve better working conditions, and when demands weren't met, they protested by destroying mining equipment and other activities. They were eventually brought down by a Pinkerton detective, and some alleged members had trials and were hanged. | 19 | |
| 1753302685 | women and child labor | Women, child workers in the North; deal w/ unemployment, poor working condition, factory workers during the industrial revolution, were considered slaves to their wages, they couldn't quit or demand better conditions because they needed that money desperately and if they quit there would be many people to take their places | 20 | |
| 1753302686 | reaper | Machine invented by Cyrus McCormick that could harvest wheat quickly | 21 | |
| 1753302687 | interchangeable parts | 1799-1800 - Eli Whitney developed a manufacturing system which uses standardized parts which are all identical and thus, interchangeable. Before this, each part of a given device had been designed only for that one device; if a single piece of the device broke, it was difficult or impossible to replace. With standardized parts, it was easy to get a replacement part from the manufacturer. Whitney first put used standardized parts to make muskets for the U.S. government. | 22 |
