AP US History
American Pageant 13th Ed.
Chapter 18 Review
(Vocab + Questions)
Also used:
http://wikinotes.wikidot.com/chapter-18-13
Terms : Hide Images
| 108955898 | Election of 1848 | Lewis Cass (Democrat who support popular sovereignty) vs. Zachary Taylor (Whig party); Taylor won | |
| 108955899 | popular sovereignty | the people of a territory should decide and issue for themselves | |
| 108955900 | Zachary Taylor | Whig Party candidate in the election of 1848 | |
| 108955901 | Lewis Cass | Democratic Party candidate in the election of 1848 | |
| 108955902 | Sutter's Mill | Where gold was first discovered in 1848; marked the beginning of the Gold Rush | |
| 108955903 | Result of the Gold Rush | California had enough people to become a state | |
| 108955904 | Fugitive Slave Law | "round up" runaways up North and ship them back South | |
| 108955905 | Underground Railroad | a secret route from "station to station" that led many slaves to the North and eventually to Canada | |
| 108955906 | Harriet Tubman | most well-known "conductor" of the "railroad;" snuck back into the South 19 times and led some 300+ slaves to freedom | |
| 108955907 | Henry Clay | the "Great Compromiser;" offered a compromise for the California slavery issue | |
| 108955908 | John C. Calhoun | argued for the South and for states' rights; wanted slavery to be left alone, the runaway slaves to be returned to the South, and state balance kept intact | |
| 108955909 | Daniel Webster | argued for the North; opposed to slavery's expansion | |
| 108955910 | Seventh of March | In this speech, Webster urged the North to compromise on the issue of California slavery | |
| 108955911 | William H. Seward | Chief among the Young Guard; staunchly against slavery Said Americans must follow "higher law" | |
| 108955912 | higher law | God's law, above the Constitution | |
| 108955913 | Millard Fillmore | Took over for President Taylor when he died (was Taylor's VP) | |
| 108955914 | Compromise of 1850 | North: • California admitted as a free state • Texas gave up its claims to lands disputed with New Mexico • Slave trade in D.C. was banned, but slavery was legal South: • Popular sovereignty in Mexican Cession lands • Texas was paid $10 million for land lost • A new, tougher Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 | |
| 108955915 | Election of 1852 | Franklin Pierce (Democrat) vs Winfield Scott (Whig); Pierce won landslide | |
| 108955916 | Franklin Pierce | Democratic candidate in the election of 1852; was not a great leader, but had no enemies | |
| 108955917 | Winfield Scott | Whig candidate in election of 1852 Nicknamed "Old Fuss and Feathers" | |
| 108955918 | Free Soil Party | Party that garnered 5% of the Northern vote | |
| 108955919 | Clayton-Bulwer Treaty | Treaty that erased U.S. and British tensions and said neither the U.S. or Britain would take over the area without the other's agreement | |
| 108955920 | slavocracy | a conspiracy theory where the South was supposedly always seeking to add new slave lands | |
| 108955921 | William Walker | tried to take over Nicaragua in 1856 | |
| 108955922 | Ostend Manifesto | said the U.S. would offer $120 million for Cuba, and if Spain rejected it, the U.S. would be justified in taking Cuba by force | |
| 108955923 | Black Warrior | American ship seized by Cuba | |
| 108955924 | Caleb Cushing | Sent by President Tyler to China to work a favorable deal to the U.S. | |
| 108955925 | Commodore Mathhew Perry | got Japan to open itself to trade in the Treaty of Kanagawa | |
| 108955926 | Treaty of Kanagawa | Perry got Japan to open up to U.S. to trade | |
| 108955927 | James Gadsden | sent to Mexico to work a deal for the land | |
| 108955928 | Gadsden Purchase | bought the southern chunk of present Arizona and New Mexico for $10 million | |
| 108955929 | Stephen Douglas | threw a wrench in the railroad plans | |
| 108955930 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | proposed to organize Kansas and Nebraska and move the transcontinental railroad up north | |
| 110221080 | self-determination | In politics, the right of a people to assert its own national identity or form of government without outside influence | |
| 110221081 | homestead | A family home or farm with buildings and land sufficient for survival | |
| 110221082 | vigilante | Concerning groups that claim to punish crime and maintain order without legal authority to do so | |
| 110221083 | sanctuary | place of refuge or protection, where people are safe from punishment by the law | |
| 110221084 | fugitive | A person who flees from danger or prosecution | |
| 110221085 | topography | The precise surface features and details of a place - for example, rivers, bridges, hills - inrelation to one another | |
| 110221086 | mundane | Belonging to this world, as opposed to the spiritual world | |
| 110221087 | statecraft | The art of government leadership | |
| 110221088 | isthmian | Concerning a narrow strip of land connecting two larger bodies of land | |
| 110221089 | filibustering | Adventurers who conduct a private war against a foreign country | |
| 110221090 | mikado | A title of the Japanese emperor used by foreigners | |
| 110221091 | cloak-and-dagger | Concerning the activities of spies or undercover agents, especially involving elaborate deceptions | |
| 110221092 | manifesto | A proclamation or document aggressively asserting a controversial position or advocating a daring course of action | |
| 110221093 | booster | One who promotes a person or enterprise, especially in a highly enthusiastic way | |
| 110221094 | truce | A temporary suspension of warfare by agreement of the hostile parties | |
| 110279227 | Stephen A. Douglas | Illinois politician who helped smooth over sectional conflict in 1850 but then reignited it in 1854 | |
| 110279228 | Franklin Pierce | Weak Democratic president hose pro-soutthern cabinet pushed aggresive expansionist schemes | |
| 110279229 | District of Columbia | Place wehre the slave trade was ended by the Compromise of 1850 | |
| 110279230 | Fire-eaters | Hotheaded southern agitators who pushed for southern interests and favored secession from the Union | |
| 110279231 | Mason-Dixon line | The boundary line between slave and free states in the East, originally the southern border of Pennsylvania | |
| 110279232 | Clayton-Bulwer Treaty | An agreement between Britain and America concerning any future Central American canal | |
| 110279233 | Ostend Manifesto | A top-secret dispatch, drawn up by American diplomats in Europe, that detailed a plan for seizing Cuba from Spain | |
| 110279234 | Missouri Compromise | The sectional agreement of 1820, repealed by the Kansas-Nebraska Act | |
| 110279235 | Democratic (Party) | The political party that was deeply divided by Douglas's Kansas-Nebraska Act | |
| 110279236 | Republican (Party) | A new political party organized as a protest against the Kansas-Nebraska Act | |
| 110279237 | Whig (Party) | The conflict over slavery after the election of 1852 led shortly to the death of this party | |
| 110279238 | The North | The greatest winner in the Compromise of 1850 | |
| 110279239 | California | Under the terms of the Compromise of 1850, the state that was admitted as a free state | |
| 110279240 | Utah and New Mexico | Under the terms of the Compromise of 1850, the states that slavery was left up to popular sovereignty | |
| 110279241 | Henry Clay and Daniel Webster | The two notable advocates of compromise in the controversy over slavery in 1850 | |
| 110279242 | Daniel Webster | During the debate over the Compromise of 1850, northern antislavery forces were particularly outraged by what they considered the "betrayal" of this senator | |
| 110279919 | Kansas-Nebraska | Act wrecked the Compromise of 1850 and created deep divisions within the Democratic Party. |
