(credit mobilier, whiskey ring, panic of 1873, election of 1876, plessy vs ferguson, chinese exclusion act, populist party, depression of 1893) (transcontinental railroad, railroad corruption, the grange, wabash case, interstate commerce act, horizontal/vertical integration, bessemer process, u.s. steel corporation, standard oil company, gospel of wealth, sherman anti-trust act, kinghts of labor, american federation of labor) (new immigration, boss tweed, women + urbanization, nativism, charles darwin, booker t washington, w.e.b. du bois, morrill tariff act, yellow journalism, feminism, beginning of prohibition)
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| 622057008 | Credit Mobilier | railroad construction company that paid itself a lot of money for small construction jobs | |
| 622057009 | Whiskey Ring | diversion of tax revenues by gov't agents, politicians, whiskey distillers and distributors robbed the treasury of millions Grant's private secretary was found to be one of the criminals and Grant wanted to let him off the hook | |
| 622057010 | Gilded | covered in gold the times looked good but underneath the surface there was corruption | |
| 622072888 | Panic of 1873 | 1. caused by too many railroads and factories being formed than markets could bear 2. over loaning by banks on those projects 3. over-speculation 4. too-easy credit "cheap money" supporters wanted more money to be printed to create inflation "hard money" supporters persuaded Grant to veto the bill that would make more $ and create the Resumption Act of 1875 which told the gov't to withdraw $ at face value staring in 1879 | |
| 622072889 | Election of 1876 | repub Rutherford B. Hayes vs demo Samuel Tilden very close with Tilden getting 184 of the needed 185 electoral votes | |
| 622072890 | Electoral Count Act (1877) | set up electoral commission that consisted of 15 men selected from the House, S.C, and Senate which would count the votes there were 8 repubs and 7 democrats would vote to decide between Tilden and Hayes | |
| 622072891 | Compromise of 1877 | repubs got: 1. president Hayes Demos got: 1. northern troops removed from the south 2. end of reconstruction | |
| 623620669 | Plessy Vs Ferguson (1896) | separate but equal facilities for whites and blacks would be created segregation legalized | |
| 623620670 | Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) | there were many Chinese men coming to American to work on railroads Congress wanted to pass a bill that restricted Chinese immigration but Pres Hayes vetoed it after Hayes left office this act was passed, barring any Chinese from entering US (1st restrictive immigration law) | |
| 623620671 | Populist Party | 1892 started by upset farmers mainly wanted inflation due to free coinage of silver wanted income tax, gov't regulation of railroads, one term limit, shorter workday, immigration restriciton | |
| 623620672 | Depression of 1893 | cleveland pres 1st one in new urban and industrial age gold was taken from the treasury to help fix the problem JP Morgan bailed out the depression | |
| 625152929 | Transcontinental Railroad | 1862 congress commissioned the Union Pacific railroad to begin westward from Omaha Nebraska to California | |
| 625152930 | How did railroads change America? | stitched the nation together generated a huge market and lots of jobs stimulated mining and agriculture in West carried ideas 4 time zones created millionaire class created | |
| 625152931 | Railroad Corruption | abused the public bribed judges and legislatures elected their own to political office gave rebates to wealthy not poor stock watering | |
| 625152932 | Stock watering | RR companies over-inflated cost of stocks so they could sell them for huge profits | |
| 625152933 | The Grange | small farmers that wanted to stop RR corruption these farmers were charged more to ship their goods by train than larger shipping companies (RR gave them rebates) and they couldn't afford to ship their crops | |
| 625152934 | Wabash Case | S.C case ruling that only the fed. gov't can regulate interstate commerce (like trains) not individual states this stopped the Grange who tried to get their states to stop the RR monopoly | |
| 625188650 | Interstate Commerce Act (1887) | banned rebates and pools required RR companies to publish their rates openly forbade discrimination against shippers banned charging more for a short haul than a long one | |
| 625188651 | Horizontal Integeration | John D. Rockefeller buy out competitors to monopolize a market | |
| 625188652 | Vertical Integration | Andrew Carnegie controlled all aspects of his industry | |
| 625188653 | Bessemer process | made making steel cheaper and more efficient blow cold air onto hot iron to purify it U.S became largest steel manufacturer in world | |
| 625188654 | United States Steel Corporation (1901) | JP Morgan bought Carnegie's steel business for $400 million and created this world's 1st billion dollar corporation | |
| 625188655 | Standard Oil Company (1882) | John D. Rockefeller organized this company kerosene oil was being used to power lamps until the invention of the electric light bulb later it was used for powering car engines | |
| 625188656 | Gospel of Wealth | ppl thought that some were destined to become rich and help others | |
| 625188657 | Reverend Russell Conwell | made his "Acres of Diamonds" speech thousands of times preaching that poor people made themselves poor and rich people made themselves rich, it depends on one's actions | |
| 625188658 | Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) | forbade combinations (trusts, pools, etc) in retraint of trade enforced in 1914 | |
| 625188659 | Knights of Labor | formed in 1869 fought for the 8-hr workday and economic and social reform barred gamblers, liquor dealers, lawyers, and bankers | |
| 625188660 | American Federation of Labor | founded by Samuel Gompers 1886 sought for better wages, hours, and working conditions comprised of skilled workers | |
| 625258127 | New Immirgation | ppl that came from mostly south-eastern Europe little experience with democracy worked in industry and then most went back to Europe | |
| 625258128 | Boss Tweed | gave immigrants jobs in return for their political support | |
| 625258129 | Women Improving Urban Life | Jane Addams gave immigrant children and adults the skills they needed to be successful in U.S. (won Nobel Peace Prize) Florence Kelley fought for protection of women as workers and against child labor cities gave single women a chance to be successful on their own | |
| 625258130 | Growth of Nativism | The western euros in American didn't like the southern euros coming anti-foreign organizations like American Protective Association arose against new immigrants 1882 congress passed the first restrictive law against immigration (banned paupers, criminals, and convicts) Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) | |
| 625258131 | Charles Darwin | 1859 published On the Origin of Species which set fourth the new doctrine of evolution modernists began to question the bible | |
| 625258132 | Booker T. Washington | ex slave that wanted to help the south, which was really behind in education (especially for blacks) headed a black teacher and industrial school in Tuskegee Alabama | |
| 625258133 | W.E.B Du Bois | 1st black to get a Ph. D (Harvard) demanded complete equality for blacks immediately founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) 1910 | |
| 625258134 | Morrill Tariff Act of 1862 | provided a generous grant of the public lands to the states in support of education extended by the Hatch Act of 1887 which provided fed. funds for the establishment of agricultural experiment stations | |
| 625258135 | Yellow Journalism | emerged after the invention of the Linotype which could produce newspapers faster newspapers would report of wild stories that were often false (sex and scandal) to provoke interest Joseph Pulitzer | |
| 625258136 | Rise of Feminism | Charlotte Perkins Gilman published Women and Economic (1898) in which she called for women to abandon their dependent statuses and contribute to community and get involved in the economy National Women's Suffrage Associated (1890) led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony Wyoming territory was the 1st to grant unrestricted women's suffrage rights (1869) | |
| 625280135 | Prohibition of alcohol | National Prohibition Party (1869) Women's Christian Temperance Union also rallied against alcohol Anti-Saloon League formed 1893 |
