AP US History
American Pageant 13th Ed.
Chapter 23 Review
(Vocab + Questions)
Also used:
http://wikinotes.wikidot.com/chapter-23-13
Terms : Hide Images
| 2118319864 | Ulysses S. Grant | Republican candiate for the Election of 1868 | 0 | |
| 2118319865 | Horatio Seymour | Democratic candidate for the Election of 1868 | 1 | |
| 2118319866 | (Jim) Fisk and (Jay) Gould | attempted to corner the gold market by making sure no gold was being drawn out so the value of gold could rise | 2 | |
| 2118319867 | Boss Tweed | used bribes, graft, and rigged elections to mooch money and ensure continual power for himself and his buddies | 3 | |
| 2118319868 | Tammany Hall | a political organization within the Democratic Party in New York city (late 1800's and early 1900's) seeking political control by corruption and bossism | 4 | |
| 2118319869 | Thomas Nast | cartoonist who relentlessly attacked Tweed's corruption | 5 | |
| 2118319870 | Samuel Tilden | Democratic nominee for president in 1876, loses narrowly; became popular by prosecuting Tweed | 6 | |
| 2118319871 | Crédit Mobilier (scandal) | a scandal that formed when a group of Union Pacific Railroad insiders formed a construction company and then hired themselves to build the railroad with inflated wages; they bribed several congressmen and the vice president to keep the scandal from going public | 7 | |
| 2118319872 | Whiskey Ring | During the Grant administration, a group of officials who imported a specific good and used their offices to avoid paying the taxes on it, cheating the treasury out of millions of dollars | 8 | |
| 2118319873 | William Belknap | Secretary of War who resigned after pocketing bribes from suppliers to the Indian reservations; was caught swindling $24,000 by selling trinkets to the Indians | 9 | |
| 2118319874 | Liberal Republican (Party) | Party started by reformers in 1872 to "clean things up" | 10 | |
| 2118319875 | Horace Greeley | editor of the New York Tribune and was nominated by the Liberal Republican Party for the 1872 election | 11 | |
| 2118319876 | Panic of 1873 | Four year economic depression caused by overspeculation on railroads and western lands, and worsened by Grant's poor fiscal response (refusing to coin silver) | 12 | |
| 2118319877 | soft money | strategy where debtors wanted paper money ("greenbacks") printed to create inflation and thus make it easier to pay off debts | 13 | |
| 2118319878 | Resumption Act | It pledged the withdrawal of greenbacks from circulation and the redemption of all paper money in gold | 14 | |
| 2118319879 | Greenback Labor Party | Party started in 1878 with the main mission of bringing cheap money policies to life; supported mostly by farmers | 15 | |
| 2118319880 | Gilded Age | 1870s - 1890s; time period looked good on the outside, despite the corrupt politics & growing gap between the rich & poor | 16 | |
| 2118319881 | Grand Army of the Republic (G.A.R.) | military veteran group that supported Republicans | 17 | |
| 2118319882 | Stalwarts | A faction of the Republican party in the ends of the 1800s Supported the political machine and patronage. Conservatives who hated civil service reform. | 18 | |
| 2118319883 | Roscoe Conkling | a politician from New York who served both as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate. He was the leader of the Stalwart faction of the Republican Party | 19 | |
| 2118319884 | Half-Breeds | Favored tariff reform and social reform, major issues from the Democratic and Republican parties. They did not seem to be dedicated members of either party. | 20 | |
| 2118319885 | Rutherford Hayes | Republican candidate in election of 1876; was famous for being part of the election in which electoral votes were contested in 4 states, outcome was decided by Compromise of 1877 | 21 | |
| 2118319886 | Electoral Count Act | this act set up an electoral commission consisting of 15 people from the senate, house, and supreme court. | 22 | |
| 2118319887 | Compromise of 1877 | Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river | 23 | |
| 2118319888 | sharecroppers | farmed land they didn't own, then paid hefty fees to the landlord come harvest time | 24 | |
| 2118319889 | Jim Crow laws | The "separate but equal" segregation laws state and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965 | 25 | |
| 2118319890 | Plessy vs. Ferguson | stated that "separate but equal" facilities for the races were legal | 26 | |
| 2118319891 | Chinese Exclusion Act | (1882) Denied any additional Chinese laborers to enter the country while allowing students and merchants to immigrate. | 27 | |
| 2118319892 | James Garfield | Republican nominee in the election of 1880, ran against Winfield Scott (Democrat) | 28 | |
| 2118319893 | Election of 1880 | James Garfield (Rep.) vs. Winfield Scott (Dem.) Garfield wins | 29 | |
| 2118319894 | Chester Arthur | A Stalwart who was James Garfield's runningmate | 30 | |
| 2118319895 | James Blaine | Republican nominee for the election of 1884; he was also the leader of the Half-Breeds | 31 | |
| 2118319896 | Grover Cleveland | Democratic nominee for the election of 1884 | 32 | |
| 2118319897 | Election of 1884 | James Blain (Rep.) vs. Grover Cleveland (Dem.) Clevelend wins | 33 | |
| 2118319898 | Thomas Reed | Nicknamed "The Czar;" when Republicans controlled everything, he was Speaker of the House and he ran the House like a dictator; kept everybody in line | 34 | |
| 2118319899 | McKinley Tariff | A highly protective tariff passed in 1880; hiked rates to roughly 48% | 35 | |
| 2118319900 | Populist (People's) Party | political party formed in 1892 representing mainly farmers, favoring free coinage of silver and government control of railroads and other monopolies | 36 | |
| 2118319901 | Farmers' Alliance | A Farmers' organization founded in late 1870s; worked for lower railroad freight rates, lower interest rates, and a change in the governments tight money policy; felt inflation would make it easier to pay off their debts | 37 | |
| 2118319902 | initiative | allowed reformers to circumvent state legislatures by submitting new legislature to the voters in general direct election | 38 | |
| 2118319903 | referendum | the method by which actions of the legislature could be returned to the electorate for approval. | 39 | |
| 2118319904 | Depression of 1893 | the first recession or depression during the industrial age | 40 | |
| 2118319905 | Sherman Silver Purchase Act | act passed in 1890 that required the government to purchase an additional 4.5 million ounces of silver bullion each month for use as currency. | 41 | |
| 2118319906 | William Jennings Bryan | the foremost spokesman for silver and "cheap money" and a principle figure in the Populist Party | 42 | |
| 2118319907 | Wilson-Gorman Tariff | Meant to be a reduction of the McKinley Tariff, it would have created a graduated income tax, which was ruled unconstitutional. | 43 | |
| 2118319908 | Election of 1868 | Ulysses S. Grant (Rep.) vs Horatio Seymour (Dem.) Grant wins | 44 | |
| 2118319909 | Election of 1876 | Rutherford Hayes (Rep.) vs Samuel Tilden (Dem.) Hayes wins | 45 |
