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| 315213844 | Society of Cincinnati | an hereditary order of Continental Army officers ridiculed by the American people (following ideal of man created equal) | 0 | |
| 315213845 | Republican Motherhood | although woman can't vote, they represent the social keepers of the nation's conscience (raise kids to be good citizens that uphold civic duties); led to edu opportunities | 1 | |
| 315213846 | Land Ordinance of 1785 | divides the Old Northwest and sells it to pay off war debts; 16th section of a town pay for edu; end conflict over new land | 2 | |
| 315213847 | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | new territories = subordinate to fed gov; once get 60,000 people they can write a constitution and apply for statehood; receive full membership; NO slavery in Old Northwest | 3 | |
| 315213848 | Articles of Confederation | baby constitution adopted in 1777 to show France that they had a plan of government if they were to win the war; very little central power bc reaction to KG3 STRENGTHs: understanding of 1 nation correction to royal abuse (free tax, trade, land, militia) WEAKNESSes: too reactionary no uniform trade laws, currency, defense voluntary tax (limits gov resources) no central power- how to deal with interstate/ foreign disputes? | 4 | |
| 315213849 | Shay's Rebellion | (like Bacon's Rebellion) showed weakness of Art of Confed; fronteirsman vs urban elite (mad at debt). Daniel Shay felt like replaced one tyrant for another- raise a militia and almost over throw Massa gov. Bostonian elite raise money and militia and supress TJ think rebellion good- ppls right; let's gov know it needs to respond (at Paris) GW think we need a more responsive gov. | 5 | |
| 315213850 | Constitutional Convention | 55 delagets from 12 states (-NJ) Missing: TJ (paris) Tom Paine (euro) Sam Adams (radical) Hancock (radical) Patrick Henry (dislike fed) Stated goal: revise Art of Confed Actual: New Constitution Jumping off pts: Common Sense State Const Englightenment Fundamental Orders (Conn Const) GW = Chair of Convention | 6 | |
| 315213851 | Virginia Plan | large state: representation by population | 7 | |
| 315213852 | New Jersey Plan | small state plan: states each have one vote | 8 | |
| 315213853 | Connecticut Plan (Great Compromise) | bicameral system House of Rep = rep by pop (control taxes, serve short term, for immideate response) Senators = rep (2 serving for long time, elected by states) | 9 | |
| 315213854 | Federalists | centralized gov; dom press ex. GW, Ben Franks | 10 | |
| 315213855 | Antifederalists | oppose strong gov states rights poorer class, backcountry, debtors dislike lack of religion eventually ratify Const. bc need protection and promised a Bill of Rights ex Sam Adams, Patrick Henry, TJ, Richard Henry Lee | 11 | |
| 315213856 | James Madison (pre-prez) | "Father of the Constitution" The Federalist Papers drafted Bill of Rights The Virginia Resolution form Demo-Rep part (anti Jay Treaty) Secretary of State for Jefferson | 12 | |
| 315213857 | John Jay | The Federalist Papers, 1st cheif of Justice, Treaty with London | 13 | |
| 315213858 | Alexander Hamilton | The Federalist Papers, Secretary of Treasury, Father of National Debt, saved first attempt at re-write Art of Confed by proposing a diff metting in Philli to fix whole thing. | 14 | |
| 315213859 | The Constitution | needed 9/13 to ratify. got all but Virginia, NY, NJ RI adopted June 21 1788 | 15 | |
| 315213860 | The Federalist Papers | Hamilton, Jay, Madison write collection of propaganda to push towards Federalism | 16 | |
| 315213861 | Washington's First Cabinet | Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson Secretary of Treasury: Alex Hamilton Secretary of War: Henry Knox | 17 | |
| 315213862 | Judiciary Act of 1789 | est federal courts (supreme court and a cheif of justice = Jay) | 18 | |
| 315213863 | Bill of Rights | 10 amendments (drafted by James Madison) uphold rights of people (religion, speech, press, bear arms, ect) appease AntiFeds | 19 | |
| 315213864 | 9th Amendment | these rights stated are not the only rights | 20 | |
| 315213865 | 10th Amendment | all rights not sp stated here are given to the state/ people | 21 | |
| 315213866 | Assumption (of debts) | Hamilton econ plan to unite colonies; each has a stake in sucess of fed gov pay off state + fed gov debt (75 million) to estb credit with other countries | 22 | |
| 315213867 | Strict Construction | way of interpreting the Constitution that allows the federal government to take only those actions the Constitution specifically says it can take (Jefferson pov (on Bank of US)) | 23 | |
| 315213868 | Loose Construction | belief that the government can do anything that the constitution does not prohibit (Hamilton's pov (on Bank of US)) | 24 | |
| 315213869 | Implied Powers | powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution | 25 | |
| 315213870 | "Necessary and Proper" (Elastic Clause) | gives congress power to make all laws necessary and proper to help fulfill their enumerated responsibilities Hamilton's arguement for the Bank of US | 26 | |
| 315213871 | Bank of the United States | powerful private institution where feg gov depostits surplus (stimulates econ) can print paper money safely more fed power unconstitution? Jefferson think so | 27 | |
| 315213872 | Whiskey Rebellion | backcountry depend on whiskey a lot (sometimes used a money); hurt their business- revolt "Liberty no Excise" GW sent in big army for little uprising show of fed strength bt question use of unnec. force | 28 | |
| 315213873 | Democratic-Republican | "anti-fed"'s new name Jeffersonians | 29 | |
| 315213874 | French Revolution | overthrow Luis 16 War with Austria behead Luis 16 Reign of Terror (America not supporting so much anymore, esp Feds) | 30 | |
| 315213875 | Neutrality Proclamation | American (kinda ignoring the Franco-American alliance to help defend W Indies) declare neutrality to both France and GB (involved in war) | 31 | |
| 315213876 | Battle of Fallen Timbers | conflict over recent land gains- US win. End to that era of land conflict. GB refuse to backup natives- peace treaty of greenville | 32 | |
| 315213877 | Treaty of Greenville | Miami Confederacy makes peace with US Ceded lots of land US pay them (hope for) Recoginition of native soverign status | 33 | |
| 315213878 | Jay's Treaty | go to London, won few concessions GB promise to let US have Ohio Rvr Valley area (still occupying from Rev time even though promised to give back) US still have to pay back debts French NOT NOT happy Jeffersonians NOT happy cause Madison to switch parties | 34 | |
| 315213879 | Pickney's Treaty 1795 | deal with Spain Spain fear an Anglo-American alliance grant US free navigation of Missi and North FL (all demands of US) | 35 | |
| 315213880 | Washington's Farewell Address | retire after 2 terms- set tradition (only broken by FDR, then est in const.) do not have polt parties do not form permanent alliances importance of religion and morality stable public credit warns against too much milt power | 36 | |
| 315213881 | XYZ affair | try to smooth out Jay's Treaty with GB (France see as violation of alliance) citizens XYZ help the 3 US reps seek out Talleyard but had to pay 1/4 million just to speak US said forget it. War hysteria with France. Adams avoid. Charles Pickney, John Marshall, Elbridge Gerry | 37 | |
| 315213882 | Convention of 1800 | France and US Reconcile (NB in charge, kinda busy with Euro domination) pay damage to US shippers path for purchase of Louisana | 38 | |
| 315213883 | Alien Act | raise residential requirements to 14 yrs recent immigrants = poor Euro trash, typically Jeffersonians (Fed try to snuff out) passed bc Fed dom court rooms; laws expire in time for reelection | 39 | |
| 315213884 | Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions | Jefferon- Kentucky Madison-Virginia pass some leg in reaction the the recent Fed laws that dom. -the compact theory: states = origin of fed authority fed say that people make the compact therefore supreme court would have tp nullify leg (adopted in 1803) | 40 | |
| 315213885 | Elizabeth Freeman | black slave woman who sued for freedom in north and won | 41 | |
| 315213886 | Challenges of Continental Congress | maintain state rights fair representation for (big/small) states at a fed level weakness of Art of Confed | 42 | |
| 315213887 | Plans to meet challenges of continental congress | division of power between state and fed Great Compromise 3/5 compromise common currency | 43 | |
| 315213888 | "a convention of demigods" | -Jefferson in reference to the founders of constitution | 44 | |
| 315213889 | The Framing Fathers | founders of constitution | 45 | |
| 315213890 | Domestic First of GW | 2 terms Cabinet Bill of Rights Judiciary Act Naturalization Act 1790 Bank of US | 46 | |
| 315213891 | Hamilton's econ policy | favor rich so they support the gov wealth trickles down to masses first goal = national credit assume debt tariffs whiskey excise pro industrial rev/ manufacturing Bank of US | 47 | |
| 315213892 | District of Columbia | = capital, moved to Virginia to allow assumption of debt; thought that capital = center of commerce (not work out that way) | 48 | |
| 315213893 | Miami Confederacy | native americans allied with GB (enticed squables among fronteirsmen and natives) | 49 | |
| 315213894 | General "Mad Anthony Wayne" | US general at Battle of Fallen Timber | 50 | |
| 315213895 | GW Acomplishments | solid central gov West Expansion Merchant Maritime Kept Nation out of War | 51 | |
| 315213896 | Talleyrand | the French foreign minister, whom which three American dipolmats seek to reach an agreement with, they are stopped by the French X, Y, and Z dipolmats and are asked for a bribe to speak with him | 52 | |
| 315213897 | Sedition Acts | can't denounce gov officials (prez) or impeed policies of gov. ex Mathew Lyon ("The Spitting Lion") was jailed for anitprez statements. Slap to 1st amendment supress anti fed passed bc Fed dom court rooms; laws expire in time for reelection hush hysteria and increase gov support/ unity | 53 | |
| 315213898 | Fugitive Slave Act 1793 | a federal crime to help escaped slave (appease the south) | 54 | |
| 315213899 | "milliones for defense, not one cent for tribute" | XYZ Affair, USA motto- not willing to bribe. | 55 | |
| 315213900 | Revolution of 1800 | Jefferson's view of his election to presidency. Jefferson claimed that the election of 1800 represented a return to what he considered the original spirit of the Revolution and demonstrated a peaceful change of power from party to party. | 56 | |
| 315213901 | Sally Hemings | slave lover of Jefferson; one of the rumors use to tarnish Jeff's polt rep | 57 | |
| 315213902 | Aaron Burr | used influence in NY to eventually get TJ elected* Democratic-Republicans of New york, tied with Jefferson in the Electoral College. The House of Representatives picked TJ VP for Jefferson, dropped in his second term, become extremist Fed: wants New Eng to cede from Union. Hamilton expose- challenge to duel Hamilton refuses to fight and dies. | 58 | |
| 315213903 | Judiciary Act 1801 | One of the last important laws passed by the expiring Federalist Congress. It created 16 new federal judgeships and other judicial offices. This was Adams's last attempt to keep Federalists power in the new Republican Congress. His goal was for federalists to dominate the judicial branch of government. | 59 | |
| 315213904 | Midnight Judges | The 16 judges that were added by the Judiciary Act of 1801 that were called this because Adams signed their appointments late on the last day of his administration. last min attempt at Fed dom. a branch | 60 | |
| 315213905 | John Marshall | created the precedent of judicial review; ruled on many early decisions that gave the federal government more power, especially the supreme court; in the time of Jefferson A representative at the XYZ Affair | 61 | |
| 315213906 | Marbury vs. Madison | Madison want to deny Marbury his position as the (midnight) judge of the District of Columbia. Marshall deny him his position even though he's a fellow Fed in order to increase power of Supreme Court. Judiciary Review Born. | 62 | |
| 315213907 | Judicial Review | the power of the Supreme Court to determine what is/ is not constitutional. Stems from Marbury v Madison | 63 | |
| 315213908 | Tripolitian War/ Babary Pirates | Pirates of Tripoli attacking USA- increase navy - have "Jeffs" or "mosquito fleet" to attack. peace | 64 | |
| 315213909 | Louisiana Purchase | The U.S., under Jefferson, bought the Louisiana territory from France, under the rule of Napoleon, in 1803. The U.S. paid $15 million for the Louisiana Purchase, and Napoleon gave up his empire in North America. The U.S. gained control of Mississippi trade route and doubled its size. | 65 | |
| 315213910 | Toussaint L'Ouverture | Haitian patriot and leader of the Haitian Revolution (Santa Domingo) slave rebellion. Mosquitos/ Yellow Fever help win. Louisiana was used to feed Santa Domingo. w/out Santa Domingo, didn't really need Louisiana | 66 | |
| 315213911 | Lewis and Clark | Sent on an expedition by Jefferson to gather information on the United States' new land and map a route to the Pacific. They kept very careful maps and records of this new land acquired from the Louisiana Purchase. | 67 | |
| 315213912 | Sacajawea | native american (shoshani) woman who served as a guide an interpreter for the lewis and clark expedition | 68 | |
| 315213913 | Hamilton-Burr Duel | After Burr lost to Jefferson as a Republican, he switched to the Federalist party and ran for governor of New York bc Hamilton make son negative comments. Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel, in which Hamilton was killed on July 11, 1804. | 69 | |
| 315213914 | Contintental System | NB attempt at cutting off GB effect USA attempt at neutrality | 70 | |
| 315213915 | British Orders in Council | GB restriction on trade close ports that France needs unless goes through GB port Impressing Americans as well BAD | 71 | |
| 315213916 | Chesapeake Affair | British warship fired on US warship off Virginia's coast, killing three Americans; resulted in high anti-British sentiment (1807) | 72 | |
| 315213917 | Embargo Act 1807 | NO trade with anybody | 73 | |
| 315213918 | Non-Intercourse Act 1809 | only not trade with GB and France | 74 | |
| 315213919 | Macon's Bill #2 | offered to resume trade with whichever nation lifted its neutral trading restrictions first. France quickly changed its policies against neutral vessels, so the U.S. resumed trade with France, but not Britain. | 75 | |
| 315213920 | Tecumesh/ Tenskwatawa | religious/ traditional revival Shawnee Battle of Tippecanoe | 76 | |
| 315213921 | The Prophet | Tenskwatawa; brother to Tecumesh | 77 | |
| 315213922 | Battle of Tippecanoe | Harrison vs. Tecumesh + Prophet. Win for USA, Discredit the Prophet | 78 | |
| 315213923 | War of 1812 | War with GB because they interfere with trade/ hurt our ships Under Madison End with Treaty of Ghent in 1814 Nationalism | 79 | |
| 315213924 | War Hawks | members of Congress who wanted to fight Great Britain | 80 | |
| 315213925 | Oliver Hazard Perry | American Naval officer who led the fleet that defeated the British in the Battle of Lake Erie. | 81 | |
| 315213926 | Fort McHenry | Where the Battle of Baltimore took place. Inspired Francis Scott Key's 'Star Spangled Banner.' | 82 | |
| 315213927 | Francis Scott Key | Wrote the Star Spangled Banner or Defense of Fort McHenry | 83 | |
| 315213928 | "Star Spangled Banner" | defense at For McHenry | 84 | |
| 315213929 | William Henry Harrison | Govenor of the Indiana territory, that fought against Tecumseh and the Prophet in the battle of Tippecanoe | 85 | |
| 315213930 | Andrew Jackson | general in the War of 1812: New Orleans and Battle of Horseshoe Bend. Attack FL forts St. Marks and Pensacola. War hero. | 86 | |
| 315213931 | Battle of New Orleans | after treaty of Ghent, pride thing for us, one of Andrew Jackson's great victories | 87 | |
| 315213932 | Treaty of Ghent | ended war of 1812; at first GB stubborn but due to some important USA victories, agree upon armistice. battle of New Orleans afterward | 88 | |
| 315213933 | Hartford Convention | Meeting of Federalists near the end of the War of 1812 in which the party listed it's complaints against the ruling Republican Party. These actions were largley viewed as traitorous to the country and lost the Federalist much influence. DEMANDED: abloish 3/5 clause prez term down to one yr no sucessive prez from same state | 89 | |
| 315213934 | "Blue Light" Federalists | treacherous New Englanders who supposedly helped the British in the War of 1812 | 90 | |
| 315213935 | Rush-Bagot | US and Britain agreed to limit navel power on the Great Lakes | 91 | |
| 315213936 | Henry Clay | senator, the American System and Missouri Compromise | 92 | |
| 315213937 | "The American System" | Henry Clay's plan" 1. Treasury 2. Tariff 3. Transportation | 93 | |
| 315213938 | Erie Canal | first great east-west highway, commerce and trade | 94 | |
| 315213939 | James Monroe in prez | 5th president Era of Good Feeling Panic of 1819 Missouri Compromise Onís Treaty (FL purchase) Monroe Doctrine | 95 | |
| 315213940 | Era of Good Feeling | era of Monroe | 96 | |
| 315213941 | Tariff of 1816 | first tariff for protection protect small buisiness/ factories GB lower prices in attempt to dom USA econ part of American System | 97 | |
| 315213942 | Panic of 1819 | econ crisis due to overspeculation of land-can't pay back loans-forclosers-debt-ect | 98 | |
| 315213943 | Cumberland Road | The road was the first interstate highway, and the only one entirely paid for by federal funds. It ran from Maryland to Illinois and helped with the westward movement. | 99 | |
| 315213944 | Land Act of 1820 | West have small pop/ influence. To compensate: can buy 80 acres at 1.25 per cheap transport cheap money | 100 | |
| 315213945 | Tallmadge Amendment | This was an attempt to have no more slaves to be brought to Missouri and provided the gradual emancipation of the children of slaves. In the mind of the South, this was a threat to the sectional balance between North and South. | 101 | |
| 315213946 | Missouri Compromise | Missouri = slave state Maine = free sate 36-30 line (everything north will be free) the "knell of America" -TJ | 102 | |
| 315213947 | Florida Purchase Treaty (Onís Treaty) 1819 | USA get FL and Oregon and will back off of Texas | 103 | |
| 315213948 | John Quincy Adams | Secretary of State, The Monroe Doctrine, pro-Andrew Jackson, diplomat | 104 | |
| 315213949 | Treaty of 1818 | treaty btwn USA and GB fixed North border of Louisiana Territory at the 49th parallel 10 yr joint occupation of Oregon with GB | 105 | |
| 315213950 | Monroe Doctrine | american policy of isolationist. Will rebute towards any further Euro colonization (speaking to Russia/ Spain). GB will (unofficially) backup their claims because in their own interest. GB (George Canning) initially wanted to make a joint statement but JQ Adams smelt a trap. | 106 | |
| 315213951 | Russo-American Treaty of 1824 | This treaty between Russia and America set the southern borders of Russian holdings in America at the line of 54 degrees- 40', the southern tip of Alaska. | 107 | |
| 315213952 | Thomas MacDonough | victor at Lake Champlain; saved New York from conquest, New England from disaffection, and the Union from dissolution VITAL to the terms at treaty of ghent (allowed to keep position in Great Lakes/ more favorable terms) | 108 | |
| 315213953 | Battle of Bladensburg | Battle of Washington, capital burnt, Madison flee white house, FAIL | 109 | |
| 315213954 | Battle of Platsburg | Battle at Lake Champlain | 110 | |
| 315213955 | Washington Irving/ James Cooper | American lit; spirit of nationalism | 111 | |
| 315213956 | pell-mell | ignore dinner table seating according to statues, how TJ role. | 112 | |
| 315213957 | John Adams in prez | 2nd president Federalist XYZ Affair No War with France Alien and Sedition Acts "Father of American Navy" "John Adams' Jackasses" Lost to TJ in relection unfairly unpopular | 113 | |
| 315213958 | Thomas Jefferson | 3rd president "Red Fox" "Negro President" "Virginian Dynasty" Demo-Rep (moderate) Casual (pell-nell) Revolution of 1800 Tripoli Louisiana Purchase Embargo Act Non-Intercourse Act | 114 | |
| 315213959 | James Madison (in prez) | Macon's Bill #2 War Hawks The Prophet Mr. Madison's War (of 1812) | 115 | |
| 315213960 | James Monroe (pre prez) | In continental Army Crossed the Delaware with GW and faught at Trenton Negotiated Louisiana Purchase | 116 | |
| 315213961 | "empire of liberty" | Jefferson's idea of an empire within a nation, in which the US purchased the Louisiana Territory from France, and Lewis and Clark (and Sacajewa) explore Louisiana | 117 | |
| 315213962 | "Valley of Democracy" | Jefferson's nickname for the newly aquired land in Louisiana | 118 | |
| 315213963 | Albert Ggallatin | "Watchdog" of Treasury new Hamilton in time of Jefferson | 119 | |
| 315213964 | Battle of Trafalgar/ Battle of Austerliz | GB dom sea NB dom land need to hurt each other indirectly (trade) impose trade restrictions | 120 | |
| 315213965 | Battle of Horseshoe Bend | turning point near end of War of 1812 with General Andrew Jackson | 121 | |
| 315213966 | Battle of Thames | 1813 British defeat by General William Henry Harrison's army. Tecumesh killed. | 122 | |
| 315213967 | "like a clap of thunder" | Andrew Jackson's victory at New Orleans had spiraling effect of pride | 123 | |
| 315213968 | What GB wanted at Ghent | buffer state Great Lakes part of Maine | 124 | |
| 315213969 | "On to Canada" | moto pre war attack Canada bc GB weakest there | 125 | |
| 315213970 | "Not one inch of Territory ceded or lost" | moto post war had gone toe to toe with greatest world power and ok at end | 126 | |
| 315213971 | Butternuts v. Yankee | Butternuts = southerns moved into the Old NorthWest escaping plantation econ Yankee = northern settlers trying to recreate their way of life | 127 | |
| 315213972 | John Adams (pre prez) | Massa lawyer Continental Congress Peace Treaty of Paris VP to GW | 128 | |
| 315213973 | TJ pre prez | Rich Virginia Lawyer House of Burgesses against coercive acts Delagate of 2nd Continental Congress Dec of Indpo gov of Virginia embassador to France Secretary of State to GW VP to Adams Kentucky/ Virginia Resolutions | 129 |
