Progressivism and the Republican Roosevelt
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| 632440078 | progressives | reformers who worked to stop unfair practices by businesses and improve the way grovernment works | |
| 632440079 | Henry Demarest Lloyd | One of the earliest muckrakers attacked practices of Standard Oil Company and railroads in his book "Wealth Against Commonwealth" | |
| 632440080 | Thorsten Veblen | Theory of the Leisure Class; coined term "conspicuous consumption" | |
| 632440081 | Jacob Riis | How the Other Half Lives; exposed poor living conditions in NYC slums | |
| 632440082 | Theodore Dreiser | "The Financer" and "The Titan" | |
| 632440084 | muckrakers | Journalists who attempted to find corruption or wrongdoing in industries and expose it to the public; coined by TR | |
| 632475552 | Lincoln, Steffens | ... | |
| 632475553 | Ida Tarbell | A leading muckraker and magazine editor, she exposed the corruption of the oil industry with her 1904 work A History of Standard Oil | |
| 632475554 | "money trust" | money or favor given or promised to influence improperly the judgement or conduct of a person in a position of trust; created by JP Morgan | |
| 632475555 | David G. Phillips | published *The Treason of the Senate* in Cosmopolitan, said that 75 out of the 90 senators represented railroads and trusts rather than the people | |
| 632475556 | Ray Stannard Baker | He published *Following the Color Line* in 1908, spotlighting the subjugation of America's 9 million blacks (90% lived in the South, 1/3 were illiterate). | |
| 632475557 | John Spargo | wrote The Bitter Cry of the Children exposing child labor | |
| 632475558 | patent medicines | in early America before drug regulation, products that contained an easily identified brand name that claimed to cure just about any symptom or disease | |
| 632475559 | "Poison Squad" | Group led by Dr. Harvey W. Wiley of the Department of Agriculture; they performed experiments to test the effects of patent medicines | |
| 632475561 | initiative | permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot | |
| 632475562 | referendum | a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate | |
| 632475563 | recall | the act of removing an official by petition | |
| 632475564 | graft | the practice of offering something (usually money) in order to gain an illicit advantage | |
| 632475565 | australian ballot | secret ballot printed at the expense of the state | |
| 632475566 | 17th amendment | Direct election of senators | |
| 632475568 | city-manager system | a professional city manager is hired to run each department of the city and report directly to the city council | |
| 632475570 | Robert La Follette | Progressive Wisconsin governor who attacked machine politics and pressured the state legislature to require each party to hold a direct primary | |
| 632475571 | Hiram Johnson | fought for railroad regulation in California helped to break the dominant grip of the Southern Pacific Railroad on California politics in 1910 | |
| 632475572 | Charles Evans Hughes | progressive republican governor of New York | |
| 632475573 | Women's Trade Union League | a U.S. organization of both working class and more well-off women formed in 1903 to support the efforts of women to organize labor unions and to eliminate sweatshop conditions | |
| 632475574 | National Consumers League | Group led by Florence Kelly to force retainers for better wages and working conditions | |
| 632478790 | Children's/Women's Bureau | a department added to the department of labor to protect children & women in the work place. | |
| 632478791 | Florence Kelley | reformer who worked to prohibit child labor and to improve conditions for female workers | |
| 632478792 | Muller v. Oregon | - court limited working hours for women working in laundry shop - dangerous to reproductive health - result --> limit jobs that women can have | |
| 632478793 | Louis Brandeis | progressive lawyer in Muller v. Oregon; suggested working conditions bad for reproductive health of women | |
| 632478794 | Lochner vs New York | Supreme Court ruled that states could not restrict ordinary workers' hours | |
| 632478795 | Triangle Shirtwaist Company | poor working conditions led to a huge fire in their factory, death of 146 workers | |
| 632478797 | Frances Willard | Worked for women's suffrage as President of the Women's Temperance Union | |
| 632478798 | 18th Amendment | Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcoholic beverages | |
| 632478799 | "Square Deal" | Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers | |
| 632478802 | Department of Commerce and Labor | created by TR to regulate businesses that engaged in interstate commerce, trust-busted | |
| 632478804 | Elkins Act | allowed for heavy fining of companies who used rebates and those who accepted them | |
| 632478805 | Hepburn Act | Prohibited free passes. Gave ICC enough power to regulate the economy. It allowed it to set freight rates and required a uniform system of accounting by regulated transportation companies. | |
| 632478806 | Northern Securities decision | Roosevelt's first trust bust (a Morgan Company), upheld by the Supreme Court | |
| 632478807 | William Howard Taft | Successor of Roosevelt; Different views than Teddy, but still a progressivist; "dollar diplomacy" | |
| 632478809 | The Jungle | This 1906 work by Upton Sinclair pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act. | |
| 632480161 | Meat Inspection Act | required federal inspection of meat shipped across state lines | |
| 632480162 | Pure Food and Drug Act | the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs | |
| 632480163 | Desert Land Act | 1906, Federal government sold arid land cheaply on the condition that the purchaser irrigate the thirsty soil within 3 years. | |
| 632480164 | Forest Reserve Act | 1891; authorized the president to set aside public forests as national parks and other reserves | |
| 632480165 | Carey Act | law by which federal government distributed federal land to the states, on the condition that it be irrigated and settled | |
| 632480166 | Newlands Act | 1902 act authorizing federal funds from public land sales to pay for irrigation and land development projects, mainly in the dry Western states | |
| 632480167 | Glifford Pinchot | head of US forest service under Roosevelt | |
| 632480168 | Sierra Club | American environmental organization. Helped promote the protection of the environment and nature | |
| 632480169 | John Muir | went on a campaign for awareness of the environment; inspired creation of Yosemite National Park; became president of the Sierra Club, which was devoted to conservation | |
| 632480170 | Hetch Hetchy | A valley in Yosemite National Park dammed to provide water for San Francisco | |
| 632480174 | "multiple use resource management" | Under TR, professional foresters and engineers developed this policy to combine recreation, sustained-yield logging, watershed protection, and summer stock grazing all on the same land. | |
| 632482008 | Bureau of Reclamation | a federal agency established in 1902 providing public funds for irrigation projects in arid regions | |
| 632482010 | Aldrich-Vreeland Act | it authorized national banks to issue emergency currency, was the precursor of the Federal Reserve Act | |
| 632482015 | "rule of reason" | Supreme Court doctrine that held that only those combinations that unreasonably restrained trade were illegal | |
| 632482018 | "Mother of Trusts" | a term for the high protective tariff; lowering the barriers of this tariff was high on the agenda of progressive members of the Republican party | |
| 632482019 | Payne-Aldrich Bill | bill placed on high tariffs on many imports (Taft betrayed the promise of his campaign to lower tariffs) | |
| 632482020 | Richard Ballinger | Taft's Secretary of the Interior, allowed a private group of business people to obtain several million acres of Alaskan public lands | |
| 632482021 | New Nationalism | Roosevelt's domestic platform during the 1912 election accepting the power of trusts and proposing a more powerful government to regulate them | |
| 632482022 | Victor Berger | This Austrian-born Socialist, was elected as a House of Reps member for Milwaukee, but was denied his seat in 1919 during a wave of anti-socialist hysteria. |
