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| 1622607862 | Calvinism | Set of beliefs that the Puritans followed. In the 1500's John _____ founder of ______, preached virtues of simple worship, strict morals, pre-destination and hard work. This resulted in Calvinist followers wanting to practice religion, and it brought about wars between Huguenots (French Calvinists) and Catholics, that tore the French kingdom apart | 0 | |
| 1622607863 | predestination | Primary idea behind Calvinism; states that salvation or damnation are foreordained and unalterable; first put forth by John Calvin in 1531; was the core belief of the Puritans who settled New England in the seventeenth century | 1 | |
| 1622607864 | conversion | intense religious experience that confirmed an individual's place among the "elect," or the :visible saint." | 2 | |
| 1622607865 | Puritans | They were a group of religious reformists who wanted to "purify" the Anglican Church. Their ideas started with John Calvin in the 16th century and they first began to leave England in 1608. Later voyages came in 1620 with the Pilgrims and in 1629, which was the Massachusetts Bay Colony | 3 | |
| 1622607866 | Separatists | Pilgrims that started out in Holland in the 1620's who traveled over the Atlantic Ocean on the Mayflower. These were the purest, most extreme Pilgrims existing, claiming that they were too strong to be discouraged by minor problems as others were. | 4 | |
| 1622607867 | Mayflower Compact | 1620 A contract made by the voyagers on the Mayflower agreeing that they would form a simple government where majority ruled; FIRST TINY STEP TOWARDS SELF GOVERNEMENT | 5 | |
| 1622607868 | Massachusetts Bay Colony | One of the first settlements in New England; established in 1630 and became a major Puritan colony. Became the state of Massachusetts, originally where Boston is located. It was a major trading center, and absorbed the Plymouth community | 6 | |
| 1622607869 | Great Migration | (1630-1642) migration of seventy thousand refugees from England to North American colonies, primarily New England and the Caribbean. 20,000 cam to Mass. and wanted to establish a model Christian settlement in the new world | 7 | |
| 1622607870 | antinomianism | belief that the elect need not obey the law of either God or man; most notably espoused in the colonies by Anne Hutchinson | 8 | |
| 1622607871 | Fundamental Orders | In 1639 the Connecticut River colony settlers had an open meeting and they established a constitution called _______. It made a Democratic government. It was the first constitution in the colonies and was a beginning for the other states' charters and constitutions. ANOTHER SMALL STEP TOWARDS SELF GOVERNEMENT | 9 | |
| 1622607872 | Pequot War | (1636-1638)series of clashes between English settlers and Pequot Indians in the Connecticut River Valley. ended in the slaughter of the Pequots by the Puritans and their Narragansett Indians. CONNETICUT KILLED ALL THEIR INDIANS TO GET RID OF THEM | 10 | |
| 1622607873 | King Philip's War | (1675-1676) series of a assaults by metacom, King Philip, on English settlements in New England. the attacks slowed the westward migration of New England settlers for several decades | 11 | |
| 1622607874 | New England Confederation | a Union of four colonies consisting of the two Massachusetts colonies (The Bay colony and Plymouth colony) and the two Connecticut colonies (New Haven and scattered valley settlements) in 1643. The purpose of the confederation was to defend against enemies such as the Indians, French, Dutch, and prevent intercolonial problems that effected all four colonies. FIRST STEP TOWARDS UNITY | 12 | |
| 1622607875 | English Civil War | (1642-1651) armed conflict between royalists and parliamentarians, resulting in the victory of pro-Parliament forces and the execution of Charles I | 13 | |
| 1622607876 | Dominion of New England | In 1686, New England, in conjunction with New York and New Jersey, consolidated under the royal authority -- James II. Charters and self rule were revoked, and the king enforced mercantile laws. The new setup also made for more efficient administration of English Navigation Laws, as well as a better defense system. The Dominion ended in 1688 when James II was removed from the throne | 14 | |
| 1622663806 | Navigation Laws | Passed under the mercantilist system, the Navigation Acts (1651-1673) regulated trade in order to benefit the British economy. The acts restricted trade between England and its colonies to English or colonial ships, required certain colonial goods to pass through England before export, provided subsidies for the production of certain raw goods in the colonies, and banned colonial competition in large-scale manufacturing. | 15 | |
| 1622663807 | Glorious (or Bloodless) Revolution | (1688) relatively peaceful overthrow of the unpopular Catholi monarch, James II, replacing him with dutch born William IIIand Mary, daughter of james II. William and Mary accepted increased Parliamentary oversight and new limits on monarchial authority | 16 | |
| 1622663808 | salutary neglect | (1688-1763) unofficial policy of relaxed royal control over colonial trade and only weak enforcement of Navigation laws. lasted from the Glorious Revolution to the end of the French and Indian War in 1763 | 17 | |
| 1622663809 | patroonships | vast Dutch feudal estates fronting the Hudson River in the early 1600's. They were granted to promoters who agreed to settle fifty people on them | 18 | |
| 1622663810 | Quakers | Members of the Religious Society of Friends; most know them as the Quakers. They believe in equality of all peoples and resist the military. They also believe that the religious authority is the decision of the individual (no outside influence.) Settled in Pennsylvania | 19 | |
| 1622663811 | blue laws | also known as sumptuary laws, they are designed to restrict personal behavior in accord with a strict code of morality. they were passed across the colonies, particularly in Puritan New England and Quaker Pennsylvania | 20 | |
| 1624521880 | Martin Luther | forever changed Christianity when he began the Protestant Reformation in 16th-century Europe. | 21 | |
| 1624521881 | John Calvin | was responsible for founding Calvinism, which was reformed Catholicism. He writes about it in "Institutes of a Christian Religion" published in 1536. He believed God was all knowing and everyone was predestined for heaven or hell | 22 | |
| 1624521882 | William Bradford | A pilgrim that lived in a north colony called Plymouth Rock in 1620. He was chosen governor 30 times. He also conducted experiments of living in the wilderness and wrote about them; well known for "Of Plymouth Plantation." | 23 | |
| 1624521883 | John WInthrop | immigrated to the Mass. Bay Colony in the 1630's to become the first governor and to led a religious experiment. He once said, "we shall be a city on a hill." | 24 | |
| 1624521884 | Anne Hutchinson | A religious dissenter whose ideas provoked an intense religious and political crisis in the Massachusetts Bay Colony between 1636 and 1638. She challenged the principles of Massachusetts's religious and political system. Her ideas became known as the heresy of Antinomianism, a belief that Christians are not bound by moral law. She was latter expelled, with her family and followers, and went and settled at Pocasset ( now Portsmouth, R.I.) SHE WASNT SUPPOSED TO TALK ABOUT THE BIBLE WITH MEN AND WAS SUPPOSED TO JUST GO ALONG WITH WHAT THEY TOLD HER | 25 | |
| 1624561462 | Roger Williams | The political and religious leader _________ (c. 1603-1683) is best remembered for founding the state of Rhode Island and advocating separation of church and state in Colonial America. His views on religious freedom and tolerance, coupled with his disapproval of the practice of confiscating land from Native Americans, earned him the wrath of his church and banishment from the colony. Williams and his followers settled on Narragansett Bay, where they purchased land from the Narragansett Indians and established a new colony governed by the principles of religious liberty and separation of church and state. he favored the Native Americans and paid them for their land. he didn't persecute people who worshipped God in a different way. | 26 | |
| 1624561463 | Massasoit | At the Plymouth settlement in present-day Massachusetts, the leaders of the Plymouth colonists, acting on behalf of King James I, make a defensive alliance with Massasoit, chief of the Wampanoags. The agreement, in which both parties promised to not "doe hurt" to one another, was the first treaty between a Native American tribe and a group of American colonists. According to the treaty, if a Wampanoag broke the peace, he would be sent to Plymouth for punishment; if a colonist broke the law, he would likewise be sent to the Wampanoags | 27 | |
| 1624561464 | Metacom (king Philip) | He was king of Spain during 1588. During this year he sent out his Spanish Armada against England. He lost the invasion of England. Philip II was also the leader against the Protestant Reformation | 28 | |
| 1624561465 | Charles II | __________was king of England, Scotland and Ireland, whose restoration to the throne in 1660 marked the end of republican rule in England | 29 | |
| 1624561466 | Sir Edmund Andros | Head of the Dominion of New England in 1686, militaristic, disliked by the colonists because of his affiliation with the Church of England, changed many colonial laws and traditions without the consent of the representatives, tried to flee America after England's Glorious Revolution, but was caught and shipped to England | 30 | |
| 1624561467 | William III | (reigned 1689-1702) William became a hero to his people in 1673 when he drove the invading Catholic forces of Louis XIV of France out of most of the Dutch Republic. 'Timewatch, Vision of a Conqueror' describes the aftermath of William's victory and the start of his lifelong rivalry with Louis. married his first cousin Mary II | 31 | |
| 1624561468 | Mary II | (reigned 1689-94) The daughter of James II, Mary and her husband William of Orange became co-rulers of England after the 'Glorious Revolution'. | 32 | |
| 1624561469 | Henry Hudson | Discovered what today is known as the Hudson River. Sailed for the Dutch even though he was originally from England. He was looking for a northwest passage through North America. | 33 | |
| 1624561470 | Peter Stuyvesant | A Dutch General; He led a small military expedition in 1664. He was known as "Father Wooden Leg". Lost the New Netherlands to the English. He was governor of New Netherlands | 34 | |
| 1624561471 | Duke of York | (James II) took New Netherlands and named it New York; became English king, who was disliked for his support of Catholicism | 35 | |
| 1624561472 | William Penn | English Quaker;" Holy Experiment"; persecuted because he was a Quaker; 1681 he got a grant to go over to the New World; area was Pennsylvania; "first American advertising man"; freedom of worship there | 36 |
