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| 2597072345 | Slave Trade Compromise | Congress could not regulate or outlaw slavery or slave trade until 1808. After that, slaves could not be imported, but could be traded internally. | 0 | |
| 2597072346 | "republican motherhood" | An idea linked to republicanism that elevated the role of women. It gave them the prestigious role as the special keepers of the nation's conscience Its roots were from the idea that a citizen should be to his country as a mother is to her child. | 1 | |
| 2597074197 | republicanism | The ideology of governing the nation as a republic, where the head of state is not appointed through hereditary means, but usually through an election , A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed. | 2 | |
| 2597074198 | James Madison | The author of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights, Madison was also the father of the Federalist party and the fourth President of the United States. He was President during the war of 1812 and was also Vice-President under Jefferson. He was a great statesman but was not a strong president. | 3 | |
| 2597076490 | Alexander Hamilton | Hamilton emerged as a major political figure during the debate over the Constitution, as the outspoken leader of the Federalists and one of the authors of the Federalist Papers. Later, as secretary of treasury under Washington, Alexander Hamilton spearheaded the government's Federalist initiatives, most notably through the creation of the Bank of the United States. | 4 | |
| 2597076491 | Articles of Confederation | Adopted in 1777 during the Revolutionary War, the Articles established the United States of America. The Articles granted limited powers to the central government, reserving most powers for the states. The result was a poorly defined national state that couldn't govern the country's finances or maintain stability. The Constitution replaced them in 1789 | 5 | |
| 2597078204 | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Created a policy for administering the Northwestern Territories; it included a path to statehood and forbade the expansion of slavery into the territories. The primary effect of this was the creation of the Northwest Territory as the first organized territory of the United States out of the region south of the Great Lakes, north and west of the Ohio River, and east of the Mississippi River. | 6 | |
| 2597079519 | Land Ordinance of 1785 | Provided for the sale of land in the old Northwest and earmaked the proceeds toward repaying the national debt. The immediate goal of this was to raise money to pay debt through the sale of land in the largely unmapped territory west of the original colonies acquired from Britain at the end of the Revolutionary War. | 7 | |
| 2597080949 | Federal (government) system | Delegates at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 agreed that the United States should have a federal system of government with both independent state governments and a national government with limited powers to handle matters of common interest. | 8 | |
| 2597082303 | Shay's Rebellion | Unfair taxes in MA; Farms foreclosed; Farmers imprisoned as debtors; Shay & 1200 men attacked courts in western MA; State militia put down rebellion; Uprising was a general threat to property; Threat that rebellion could spread to other states; Articles of Confederation viewed as too weak to maintain law and order; Bolstered call for revisions of Articles of Confederation (Constitutional Convention--1787) | 9 | |
| 2597082304 | states' rights | The anti-federalists opposed the constitution because they thought it did not give enough power to the states. They believed that each state deserved certain rights that were not clearly defined in the constitution but were pertinent in democracy. Since these rights were not included in the original draft of the constitution there was a delay in the ratification process until the states were granted individual powers in an added clause. | 10 | |
| 2597084951 | "Mobocracy" | To be ruled by a mob. An example of people who used this method would be the American colonists. When England would impose taxes and acts, such as the Stamp Act, the colonists would become angered and protest it by forming mobs and doing such things as ransacking houses and stealing the money of stamp agents. The Stamp Act was eventually nullified because all the stamp agents had been forced to resign leaving no one to uphold it | 11 | |
| 2597085827 | Virginia (large state) Plan | Resolutions proposed by James Madison concerning aspects of the system of government. It proposed a bicameral legislature, in which the house's members would be elected in proportion to state populations. | 12 | |
| 2597086984 | New Jersey (small state) Plan | The smaller states opposed the Virginia Plan, fearing they would lose influence to the larger states. The plan also supported the Separation of Powers. Called for a one-house Congress in which each state had equal representation | 13 | |
| 2597088042 | Great Compromise (Connecticut) | Called for a two-house Congress in which both types of representation would be applied. At the Constitutional Congress, larger states wanted to follow the Virginia Plan and smaller states wanted to follow the New Jersey Plan. The convention compromised by creating the House and the Senate, and using both of the two separate plans as the method for electing members of each. | 14 | |
| 2597088043 | Electoral College | The Electoral College is a group of electors that are elected by the people to elect the President of the United States in every election year. This system was born along side the U.S. Constitution. This system is a way of speeding up Presidential elections and is still in force today. The representatives of each state must reflect the interests of the people within their respective states during each election. After the people in a state have voted, the votes are tallied. Whichever candidate has the most votes gets all of that state's votes in the Electoral College. That states votes is determined by its population. | 15 | |
| 2597090328 | Three-fifths Compromise | The three-fifths compromise was where a black slave was counted as three-fifths of a person when they were counting the population. The southern states wanted them counted as one whole person for more representatives in the House of Representatives. The northern states did not want them counted at all. | 16 | |
| 2597091440 | separation of powers/checks and balances | Checks and Balances "is the principle of government under which separate branches are employed to prevent actions by the other branches and are induced to share power." The framers of the constitution for the U.S. saw the policy of checks and balances necessary for the government to run smoothly. Third principle has prevented anyone Branch from taking over the government and making all the decisions.(Having a dictatorship.) | 17 | |
| 2597092534 | Federalists & Anti-Federalists | Federalists was political group who believed in a strong and powerful central government/executive branch. They were influential during Washington's presidency and taught America how to walk. Initiated political party system with the Republicans. Anti-Federalists were mostly commoners who were afraid of strong central government and being taken advantage of. They included Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams. | 18 | |
| 2597092535 | The Federalists Papers | The papers were a collection of essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison explaining how the new government/constitution would work. Their purpose was to convince the New York state legislature to ratify the constitution, which it did. | 19 | |
| 2597095349 | popular sovereignty | Popular Sovereignty is the idea that people should have the right to rule themselves. This idea had revolutionary consequences in colonial America. | 20 |
