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| first settlement in the New World, started by the VA Company of London (joint-stock company), founded in 1607 | ||
| founded in 1619, first representative assembly in America | ||
| first Africans arrive in America in 1619 as indentured servants, religion NOT racial prejudice at first | ||
| first governing document of the Plymouth Colony, written aboard the Mayflower | ||
| Separatists were those who had withdrawn from the Church of England to pursue religious freedom, settled in 1620, non-Separatists were those who chose to remain with the Church of England, despite migrating to the New World | ||
| refers to the historical practice of contracting to work for a fixed period of time, typically three to seven years, in exchange for transportation, food, clothing, lodging and other necessities during the term of indenture | ||
| Thomas Hooker- CT John Wheelwright- NH Anne Hutchinson- Portsmouth Roger Williams- Providence | ||
| people could now take part in Church services and activities without making a formal declaration of their total belief in Christ | ||
| Wampanoag fight against New England colonies, which ended in colony victory although Metacom died | ||
| a rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon to oppose Berkeley's government; Western VA farmers asked the government for help with their Indian problems, farmers decided to take car of their problems for themselves so they attacked Indians but by attacking a friendly Indian tribe the government became upset, which caused the farmers to rebel =Berkeley fled but Bacon dies of dysentery and the whole movement died | ||
| first religious freedom law, 1649 by George Calvert, only applied to those of the Christian faith | ||
| looked upon trade, colonies, and the accumulation of wealth as the basis for a country's military and political strength | ||
| 8 blacks in South Carolina (Charlestown) rebelled against whites- got guns from a store and joined other slaves in burning plantations and killing whites | ||
| undercut old religious way of life, 1739 outpouring of European Protestant revivalism spread to British North America, religion cut across line of class, gender and race, increased anxiety about sin and wanted assurance that there was an oppurtunity to be forgiven, 1742 created splits in Amer. Protestantism- sermons were threatening towards congregation (ex. Jonathan Edwards) | ||
| congregationalist, famous sermon- "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." | ||
| anglican who hellped found Methodism, preached with Presbyterian Gilbert Tennent and congregationalist Jonathan Edwards | ||
| made to resolve differences among colonies-only 7 show, met in Albany, NY to discuss mutual defense against Indians and French, was a colonial confederation, created grand council representing all colonial assemblies, the developed military strategy, determined Indian affairs, get money from colonies for council but colonists viewed this as a tax so it didn't work out. | ||
| ended French and Indian war, results: French gave up lands east of miss. Except New Orleans, Spain gives Florida to Britain for Cuba, Acadians (Cajuns) forced to move to Louisiana, bond was formed between colonists and Britain for short time; hostility and miscommunication would end it | ||
| 1763, chief Pontiac leads rebellion against colonial settlements on the Western frontier. They destroyed forts in Ohio Valley and the British send regular troops to deal with the rebellion | ||
| issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War. The purpose of the proclamation was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier. =colonists were NOT allowed to expand, cause of American Revolution | ||
| figure in the American Revolution, president for the Second Continental Congress, signed the Declaration of Independence | ||
| -turning point of colonial attitude towards British -colonists had to use watermarked stamps -internal tax -people who broke this law were tired in vice admiralty court -anyone who made a will, transferred property, borrowed money, or bought property, playing cards, newspapers, had to pay a tax -generated a political storm -Patrick Henry urged VA House of Burgesses to adopt several strongly worded resolutions denying Parliament's power to tax colonists | ||
| -first published anonymously on January 10, 1776 -monarchy was an institution rooted in superstition, dangerous to liberty, and inappropriate to Americans -100,000 copies in 3 months -1/3=Loyalists/Tories | ||
| -intended to punish MA for the Boston Tea Party 1. Boston Port Bill -became a law on 4-1-1774 ordered navy to close harbor until Boston paid for the tea destruction 2. Massachusetts Government Act: -revoked MA charter and restructured government to make it less democratic, restricted self-government in colony 3. The Administration of Justice Act (The Murder Act) -permitted any person charged with murder when enforcing royal authority to be tried in another colony or in England 4. The new Quartering Act -allowed government to seize empty buildings for British housing of troops | ||
| turning point of the American REvolution, British had two-pronged attack although it failed; ended in colonist victory | ||
| written by Jefferson, foundation for the 1st Amendment religion portion; called for separation of church and state | ||
| 1st constitution for U.S.; kept power in the hands of the state, was ineffective | ||
| set rules for new territories in the west; divided the northwest territory into smaller divisions and allow them to enter as states | ||
| Daniel Shaye seized control of courts in Massachusetts and tried to stop sherifs from closing people's property and collecting taxes-->defeated and supporters the got control of the MA legislature and cut taxes, had Shaye released from prison and pardoned | ||
| VA Plan: strong, central government NJ Plan: small state control CT Plan: equal vote for each state | ||
| 1) Proposed would raise $10 million through public stock offering 2) Private investors could buy shares by paying 3/4 their value in government bonds 3) By selling shares, steady flow of interest money was ensured 4) Bank would capture significant portion of recently funded debt and make available for loans | ||
| VA Bill of Rights: George Mason National Bill of Rights: James Madison | ||
| protected property; addressed slave issue (indirectly) | ||
| 1st serious crisis for new government | ||
| 1)Alien Enemies Act: hostile country citizens deported 2) Alien Friends Act: deport foreign residents with dangerous activities (no proof) 3) Naturalization Act: raised residency requirement for U.S. citizenship from 5 to 14 yrs 4) Sedition Act- forbid Americans from writing, printing, or saying criticizing things against the government or president | ||
| created separate ballots for the President and Vice President | ||
| women's rights movement, Seneca Falls Convention in Seneca, NY, drew up the Declaration of Sentiments (saying all men and women are created equal) | ||
| Ralph Waldo Emerson: "lyceum", transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau: Walden, Civil Disobedience Washington Irving: Legend of Sleepy Hollow Edgar Allen Poe: The Raven Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter Walt Whitman: Leaves of Grass Herman Melville: Moby Dick | ||
| escape slave who helped other slaves escape with the Underground Railroad | ||
| Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled that labor unions were not illegal monopolies that restrained trade→ decision had little impact | ||
| settlers in Mexico with slaves led to an abandoned mission where 200 Texans retreated after Santa Anna and 4000 men led a siege on San Antonio; other battles: Goliad and San Jacinto (Santa Anna killed)--> Texas eventually got independence | ||
| Elected in 1844, dark horse candidate, led us into the idea of Manifest Destiny- got us Texas, the Mexican Cession | ||
| In the election of 1844, Polk used this as a campaign slogan, implying that the he would declare war if Britain did not give the United States all the Oregon territory up to its northern boundary | ||
| belief that people who, people hold the final authority in all matters of government | ||
| proposal to ban slavery in the Mexican Cession | ||
| 1) reduced the number of Supreme Court justices from 6 to 5 2) created 16 new federal judicial districts (stuffed with Federalist judges) | ||
| established "judicial" review"- said the court can declare a law unconstitutional | ||
| politician who ran as Jefferson's vice president in 1700, tied with him and lobbied to run as President (stabbed Jefferson in the back)- lost; killed Alexander Hamilton; tried for treason but found not guilty | ||
| last-minute appointment of Federalist judges by Jefferson | ||
| issue over Tariff of 1828, Calhoun was leading advocate agains it | ||
| Courts said states could not tax a branch , 1819 ruling by the Supreme Court stating that Maryland could not tax the local office of the Bank of the United States because it was the property of the National Government | ||
| white abolitionist, wrote abolitionist newspaper "the Liberator" | ||
| 1st vice president to become president after the death of the president (William Henry Harrison); Democrat-turned-Whig | ||
| President James Monroe's statement forbidding further colonization in the Americas and declaring that any attempt by a foreign country to colonize would be considered an act of hostility | ||
| Jackson's plan to force Indians to move west on the Trail of Tears | ||
| Monroe's presidency, came to a halt because of the economic depression | ||
| South Carolina Senator - advocate for state's rights, limited government, and nullification | ||
| Mr. Madison's War; Resulted from Britain's support of Indian hostilities along the frontier, interference with American trade, and impressments of American sailors into the British army-->ended in a stalemate, ended the Federalist party |
