Here are some key terms that you need to know about Periods 1 and 2 in APUSH. GOOD LUCK!
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| 1708143483 | pueblo | a communal village built by Indians in the southwestern United States | 0 | |
| 1708143485 | Cahokia | A trading center, where Indians lived, around what is now St.Louis. It held 40,000 Native Americans at its peak in 1200 AD | 1 | |
| 1708143486 | Christopher Columbus | Spain sent him to find a route to the East Indies where he accidentally discovered the New World or Americas in 1492. | 2 | |
| 1708143488 | Black Legend | Concept that Spanish conquerors merely tortured and murdered Indians, stole gold and infected them with smallpox, leaving nothing of benefit (even though they erected an empire, crafted culture, laws, religion, and language) | 3 | |
| 1708143489 | Bartolomé de Las Casas | Priest who spoke out against the mistreatment and slavery of Indians. Brought up idea of African slaves spurring the slave trade. He apologizes for this evil in his writing published 300 years later. | 4 | |
| 1708143490 | encomienda | A grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers. | 5 | |
| 1708143491 | joint-stock companies | An economic arrangement by which a number of investors pool their capital for investment. They share in a companies wins and losses. | 6 | |
| 1708143492 | enclosure | One of the fenced-in fields created by wealthy British landowners on land that was formerly worked by village farmers | 7 | |
| 1713266496 | primogeniture | A system of inheritance in which the eldest son in a family received all of his father's land. | 8 | |
| 1715143342 | John Smith | English explorer who helped found the colony at Jamestown, Virginia | 9 | |
| 1715143346 | House of Burgesses | the first elected legislative assembly in the New World established in the Colony of Virginia in 1619, representative government that modeled other colonial governments in the south | 10 | |
| 1715143351 | Anne Hutchinson | Believed in something called antinomianism (vs. law) against the church. Questioned why people should obey laws of God or men if your fate was pre decided (predestination) | 11 | |
| 1715143352 | Roger Williams | Religious dissenter Separatist who believed state and religion should be separate. He was banished. Created a baptist church in with freedom of religion in Rhode Island(he founded RI) | 12 | |
| 1715143354 | Sir Edmund Andros | Authoritarian governor of Dominion of New England until rebellion and forced exile to England. Policies completely contradicted and offended the puritans | 13 | |
| 1715143357 | predestination | Calvin's religious theory that God has already planned out a person's fate | 14 | |
| 1715143358 | "visible saints" | in Calvinism, those who publicly proclaimed their experience of conversion and were expected to lead godly lives., according to Puritans, only these individuals should be admitted to church membership | 15 | |
| 1715143361 | Calvinism | Believed in predestination and helped the protestant work ethic. Religious ideas of John Calvin | 16 | |
| 1715143362 | Navigation Laws | A series of laws that restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England and its colonies, started in 1651. All items must come to England before going to the Americas and beyond | 17 | |
| 1715143363 | Puritans | A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay. A group of Anglicans | 18 | |
| 1715143364 | Mayflower Compact | 1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony. | 19 | |
| 1715143366 | "city upon a hill" | name for Massachusetts Bay Colony coined by Winthrop to describe how their colony should serve as a model of excellence for future generations | 20 | |
| 1715527879 | mercantalism | Economic system of trading nations; belief that a nation's power was directly related to its wealth | 21 | |
| 1715527880 | King Philip's War | violent war of English Puritans versus the Indians | 22 | |
| 1715527881 | Quakers | English dissenters who broke from Church of England, preache a doctrine of pacificism, inner divinity, and social equity, under William Penn they founded Pennsylvania. Would quake at the word of the Lord | 23 | |
| 1715527883 | indentured servitude | person who agreed to work for a colonial employer for a specified time in exchange for passage to america. | 24 | |
| 1715527884 | Bacon's Rebellion | An uprising where Nathaniel Bacon and friends chase Governor William Berkley out of Jamestown for having close ties with the Indians. Indians are also attacked | 25 | |
| 1715527885 | headright system | Encouraged importation of servants- gave 50 acres of land per servant to master | 26 | |
| 1715527886 | middle passage | A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies. | 27 | |
| 1715527887 | half-way covenant | A Puritan church document; In 1662 allowed partial membership rights to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church; It lessened the difference between the "elect" members of the church from the regular members; Women soon made up a larger portion of Puritan congregations. | 28 | |
| 1715527889 | Great Awakening | Religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century during which a number of new Protestant churches were established. | 29 | |
| 1715527890 | Jonathon Edwards | He was a powerful preacher during Great Awakening. His message was of hell and an angry god. He gave gripping sermons about sin and the torments of hell, writing "Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God." | 30 | |
| 1715527891 | George Whitfield | English preacher who led the Great Awakening by traveling through the colonies | 31 | |
| 1715527892 | John Peter Zenger | 1735 Printer of NY Weekly Journal who was acquitted of the crime of seditious libel after his paper sharply criticized Gov. William Cosby | 32 | |
| 1715527894 | Triangular trade | A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa | 33 | |
| 1715527899 | French and Indian War | (1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won. | 34 | |
| 1715527900 | William Pitt | The Prime Minister of England during the French and Indian War. He increased the British troops and military supplies in the colonies, and this is why England won the war. | 35 | |
| 1715527901 | Congress of Albany | 7 colonies who had daily meetings to discuss defensive measures vs. the French and relations w/ Indians | 36 | |
| 1715527902 | Proclamation of 1763 | A proclamation from the British government which forbade British colonists from settling west of the Appalacian Mountains, and which required any settlers already living west of the mountains to move back east. | 37 | |
| 1715527905 | Treaty of Paris (1763) | Ended French and Indian War, France lost Canada, land east of the Mississippi, to British, New Orleans and west of Mississippi to Spain. | 38 | |
| 2086650137 | Iroquois | confederation of native americans in the mid 15th century | 39 |
