Missing Cause of South Carolina's 1832 threat to secede Greatest Political Crisis of the 1850s, Importance of Fab 5 Battles, Theory of States Rights, Key Military Leaders on Both Sides, 2 Plans for Reconstruction,
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| 109718258 | Missouri Compromise | Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820) | |
| 109718259 | Ordinance of Nullification | South Carolina declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void and forbade the collection of those duties. In February, 1833, they threatened secession if federal bureaucrats tried to collect them. | |
| 109718260 | Compromise of 1850 | Series of legislation addressing slavery and the boundaries of territories acquired during the Mexican-American War. California was admitted as a free state, Texas received financial compensation for relinquishing claim to lands West of the Rio Grande river, the territory of New Mexico was organized with popular sovereignty, the slave trade was abolished in Washington, D.C., and the Fugitive Slave Law was passed It temporarily defused sectional tensions in the United States, postponing the secession crisis and the American Civil War. Also repealed the compromise of 1820. | |
| 109718261 | Uncle Tom's Cabin | Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1853 that highly influenced england's view on the American Deep South and slavery. a novel promoting abolition. intensified sectional conflict. | |
| 109718262 | Cannibals All | 1857- (Slaves without Masters) George Fitzhugh used Bible as evidence to justify slavery/ claimed the capitalism of the North was immoral/ Masters work for benefit of slaves/ African Slaves were free and happy in a mutual beneficial relationships/ sexual contact between the slaves and the masters acts as a natural form of education? | |
| 109718263 | Kansas-Nebraska Act | This Act set up Kansas and Nebraska as states. Each state would use popular sovereignty to decide what to do about slavery. People who were proslavery and antislavery moved to Kansas, but some antislavery settlers were against the Act. This began guerrilla warfare. (1854) | |
| 109718264 | Republican Party Formed | (1854) Happened because of the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Was built on free soilers and abolitionists. | |
| 109718265 | Bleeding Kansas | A sequence of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery elements that took place in Kansas-Nebraska Territory. The dispute further strained the relations of the North and South, making civil war imminent. | |
| 109718266 | Bleeding Sumner | Charles Sumner, against slavery; Preston Brooks beat Sumner with a cane | |
| 109718267 | Dred Scott Case | Supreme Court case which ruled that slaves are not citizens but are property, affirmed that property cannot be interfered with by Congress, slaves do not become free if they travel to free territories or states, fueled abolitionist movement, hailed as victory for the south | |
| 109718268 | Lincoln-Douglas Debates | 1858 Senate Debate, Lincoln forced Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supported pop-sovereignty, Lincoln asserted that slavery should not spread to territories, Lincoln emerged as strong Republican candidate | |
| 109718269 | John Brown's Raid | An arsenal was taken over in Harpers Farry Virginia to give weapons to give to slaves in hopes to start a rebellion. | |
| 109718270 | Election of 1860 | Lincoln, the Republican candidate, won because the Democratic party was split over slavery. As a result, the South no longer felt like it has a voice in politics and a number of states seceded from the Union. | |
| 109718271 | Emancipation Proclamation | Lincoln issued it and freed all the slaves in the Confederate states, but slaves in Border States loyal to the Union remained enslaved. It only applied to states in rebellion (Confederate states). It led to slaves rebelling and joining the Union army and increased sympathy from Europe. | |
| 109718272 | William Lloyd Garrison | An abolitionist and the editor of the radical abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator, and also one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society. | |
| 109718273 | Frederick Douglas | Famous black abolitionist that escaped from slavery who would later right a narrative of his own life that described his life. He promoted the abolitionist cause and drew the line where evil must be denounced. | |
| 109718274 | American Colonization Society | A Society that thought slavery was bad. They would buy land in Africa and get free blacks to move there. One of these such colonies was made into what now is Liberia. Most sponsors just wanted to get blacks out of their country. | |
| 109718275 | Stephen Douglas | Senator from Illinois, author of the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Freeport Doctrine, argues in favor of popular sovereignty | |
| 109718276 | Henry Clay | Distinguished senator from Kentucky, who ran for president five times until his death in 1852. He was a strong supporter of the American System, a war hawk for the War of 1812, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and known as "The Great Compromiser." Outlined the Compromise of 1850 with five main points. Died before it was passed however. | |
| 109718277 | Daniel Webster | Famous American politician and orator. he advocated renewal and opposed the financial policy of Jackson. Many of the principles of finance he spoke about were later incorporated in the Federal Reserve System. Would later push for a strong union. | |
| 109718278 | North vs. South | North Carolina was settled mostly by people from Virginia looking for new farmland to grow tobacco; South Carolina attracted settlers from the West Indies, England, and other parts of Europe, and grew indigo and rice using slave labor | |
| 109718279 | Cotton Kingdom | Areas in the south where cotton farming developed because of the high demand for cotton, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Texas (partly Florida) | |
| 109718280 | Anaconda Plan | Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south | |
| 109718281 | War of Attrition | A war based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses | |
| 109718282 | Peninsula Campaign | Major Union operation launched in southeastern Virginia from March through July 1862, the first large-scale offensive in the Eastern Theater. The operation, commanded by Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan, was an amphibious turning movement intended to capture the Confederate capital of Richmond by circumventing the Confederate States Army in northern Virginia. McClellan was initially successful against the equally cautious General Joseph E. Johnston, but the emergence of General Robert E. Lee changed the character of the campaign and turned it into a humiliating Union defeat. | |
| 109721880 | Wilderness Campaign | a series of indecisive battles in Grant's campaign (1864) against Lee in which both armies suffered terrible losses | |
| 109721881 | Sherman's March to the Sea | 1864-1865 march to the sea, Sherman invades Geaorgia with 100,000 men and Johnson was defending with 60,000 and Sherman makes a rare tactical mistake and charges uphill where Johnson was controlling the high ground. Than Jefferson Davis replaces Johnson with hood who attacks Sherman and so Hood abandons Atlanta. Sherman does make it to the Atlantic!! | |
| 109721882 | 13th Amendment | This amendment freed all slaves without compensation to the slaveowners. It legally forbade slavery in the United States. | |
| 109721883 | 14th Amendment | 1) Citizenship for African Americans, 2) Repeal of 3/5 Compromise, 3) Denial of former confederate officials from holding national or state office, 4) Repudiate (reject) confederate debts | |
| 109721884 | Personal Liberty Laws | pre-Civil War laws passed by Northern state governments to counteract the provisions of the Fugitive Slave Acts and to protect escaped slaves and free blacks settled in the North, by giving them the right to a jury trial. | |
| 109721885 | Wilmot Proviso | Dispute over whether any Mexican territory that America won during the Mexican War should be free or a slave territory. A representative named David Wilmot introduced an amendment stating that any territory acquired from Mexico would be free. This amendment passed the House twice, but failed to ever pass in Senate. The "Wilmot Proviso", as it became known as, became a symbol of how intense dispute over slavery was in the U.S. | |
| 109721886 | Popular Sovereignty | The concept that political power rests with the people who can create, alter, and abolish government. People express themselves through voting and free participation in government | |
| 109721887 | Fugitive Slave Law | Enacted by Congress in 1793 and 1850, these laws provided for the return of escaped slaves to their owners. The North was lax about enforcing the 1793 law, with irritated the South no end. The 1850 law was tougher and was aimed at eliminating the underground railroad. | |
| 109721888 | Monitor vs. Merrimac | Civil War battle between two ironclad war ships | |
| 109721889 | Carpetbaggers | A northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political advantage or other advantages from the disorganized situation in southern states; | |
| 109721890 | Scalawags | southern whites who supported republican policy throught reconstruction | |
| 109721891 | Black Codes | laws passed in the south just after the civil war aimed at controlling freedmen and enabling plantation owners to exploit african american workers | |
| 109721892 | Freedmen's Bureau | Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War | |
| 109721893 | 15th Amendment | citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude | |
| 109721894 | Military Reconstruction Act | It divided the South into five military districts that were commanded by Union generals. It was passed in 1867. It ripped the power away from the president to be commander in chief and set up a system of Martial Law | |
| 109721895 | Johnson's Impeachment | certain the tenure act was unconstitutional he fired the secretary of was stanton. house brough eleven charges of impeachment, nine were based on violation of the tenure act | |
| 109721896 | Compromise of 1877 | Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river | |
| 109721897 | New South | The term has been used with different applications in mind. The original use of the term "New South" was an attempt to describe the rise of a South after the Civil War which would no longer be dependent on now-outlawed slave labor or predominantly upon the raising of cotton, but rather a South which was also industrialized and part of a modern national economy |
