APUSH Unit 1 Vocab
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| 1614919002 | Incas, Cuzco, and Pachacuti | Largest empire in the Americas started in the city of...their early leader who spurred them on was.... | 0 | |
| 1614919003 | Olmecs | Formed the first society in roughly 1000 B.C. | 1 | |
| 1614919004 | Maya | Sophisticated culture started in about 800 A.D. in Central America. Had written language, number system, calender, advanced agr. system, and trade routes. | 2 | |
| 1614919005 | Mexica/Aztecs and Tenochtitlan | A dominant empire over the majority of Central America. Had city that had as many as 100,000 people in 1500 A.D.. City had complex government made inclusions such as aqueducts and schools. Sacrificed captured people | 3 | |
| 1614919006 | Eskimos | Arctic Circle group of tribes subsisting on fishing and hunting seals. Tribes spanned thousands of miles. | 4 | |
| 1614919007 | Pacific Northwest Indians | Principal occupation was fishing. Build large permanent settlements. Warred with other tribes over land and resources. | 5 | |
| 1614919008 | Southwest Indians (Chaco Canyon, Pueblos) | Built irrigation systems. Built pueblos, some comparable to apartment buildings. | 6 | |
| 1614919009 | Great Basin | Far west areas containing Nevada, Utah, Colorado, California, and New Mexico. Tribes subsisted on hunting, fishing, and gathering. Wealthy and Densely populated communities. | 7 | |
| 1614919010 | Great Plains Indians | Relied mainly on sedentary farming (corn and grains). Build large permanent settlements.. | 8 | |
| 1614919011 | Woodland Indians | General name for the tribes living in the eastern third of the United States. Had greatest food resources of the continent. | 9 | |
| 1614919012 | Cahokia | Major city resulting from trading. Was near present day St.Louis. Had 10,000 people in it around 1200 A.D.. | 10 | |
| 1614919013 | Algonquian | Largest language group of tribes living east of the Mississippi. Went from Canada to Virginia. | 11 | |
| 1614919014 | Iroquois | Another important language group. Consisted of the "nations" of the Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk. Centered in upstate NY. | 12 | |
| 1614919015 | Muskogeon | Third largest language group. Chickasaws, Creeks, Choctaws, and Seminoles. Southernmost section of the eastern seaboard. | 13 | |
| 1614919016 | Compass & sextant | Shows the direction of the North Pole in relation to the actual device. Second is used for determining the angle between two apparent objects. Used in navigation with stars. Helps find the latitude of the user. | 14 | |
| 1614919017 | Portuguese Exploration and Henry the Navigator | First country to finance and start voyages of exploration. Led by this man. Was trying to explore the west coast of Africa. Was trying to establish a Christian empire. | 15 | |
| 1614919018 | Christopher Columbus | Born in Genoa, Italy. First European to step foot officially on American soil. | 16 | |
| 1614919019 | Amerigo Vespucci | Florentine merchant. America was named after him. | 17 | |
| 1614919020 | Ferdinand Magellan | Portuguese man who was working for the Spanish. Found the strait between North and South America. His expedition finished the first circumnavigation of the world. | 18 | |
| 1614919021 | Conquistadores | Brutal conquerors of the America from Spain. Known for being very cruel and twisted to get what they want. | 19 | |
| 1614919022 | Hernando Cortes | One of the first conquistadors. Went into Mexico area and conquered the Aztecs with plague. | 20 | |
| 1614919023 | Francisco Pizzaro | The conquistador who conquered Peru and the Incas in 1532-1538. Revealed the wealth of the Incas. | 21 | |
| 1614919024 | Hernando de Soto | Another conquistador, was under Pizzaro for one time. Went from Florida to across the Mississippi. First white man to cross it. | 22 | |
| 1614919025 | Francisco Coronado | Another conquistador who went through northern Mexico in 1540-1542. Helped open the southwest US to Spanish settlement. | 23 | |
| 1614919026 | Missions | A form of settlement started in the 17th century. Priests would go to convert the natives to Catholicism. | 24 | |
| 1614919027 | Presidios | Military bases during missions near the other settlements to further protect the Spanish. | 25 | |
| 1614919028 | St. Augustine | First permanent European settlement in the United States, established in 1565. | 26 | |
| 1614919029 | Don Juan de Oñate | Spanish conquistador who in 1598 led a group of 500 men to conquer the Pueblos in the southwest US. | 27 | |
| 1614919030 | Encomiendas | Licenses to exact labor and tribute from the natives in that specific area. | 28 | |
| 1614919031 | Santa Fe | Founded by Spanish colonists in 1609. In what is now New Mexico. | 29 | |
| 1614919032 | Pueblo Revolt | In 1680 the Pueblos rose up against the Spanish. Due to oppressive ruling and drought/Apache raids. | 30 | |
| 1614919033 | Maize | What is now called corn. The Indians introduced it to the Europeans. | 31 | |
| 1614919034 | Horse | Disappeared from the Western Hemisphere in the Ice Age. Became central in many Indian tribes' cultures. | 32 | |
| 1614919035 | Mestizos | Mixed race of people who came from Europeans and Indians. | 33 | |
| 1614919036 | Mullatos | Someone of African and European background. | 34 | |
| 1614919037 | Juan de Sepulveda | Spanish humanist lawyer. Supported Spain's conquest of the Americas. | 35 | |
| 1614919038 | Bartolome de Las Casas | 16th century Spanish historian, and social reformer. First appointed "Protector of the Indians." | 36 | |
| 1614919039 | Mali and Timbuktu | Large empire of... in west Africa. Its greatest city was ..., this city became a seat of education and trading. | 37 | |
| 1614919040 | Benin | A group of villages in a small kingdom in the more southern Africa. B... | 38 | |
| 1614919041 | Congo | A group of villages in a small kingdom in the more southern Africa. C... | 39 | |
| 1614919042 | Songhay | A group of villages in a small kingdom in the more southern Africa. S... | 40 | |
| 1614919043 | John Cabot | A native of Genoa Italy. Sailed to the Northeaster Coast of the North America in 1497 in an expedition sponsored by King Henry VII. | 41 | |
| 1614919044 | Enclosure Movement | This movement in England was when many agricultural places started converting to sheep farms. This led to a wide gap in economic levels in England. | 42 | |
| 1614919045 | Chartered Companies | These companies emerged in the mid 1500s and required a charter from the monarch of England at the time to trade in a particular region and have a monopoly on it. | 43 | |
| 1614919046 | Mercantilism | This concept was that the nation as a whole made the economy how it was, not the individuals in it. This was very popular in the early colonial period for England specifically. | 44 | |
| 1614919047 | Richard Hakluyt | An Oxford clergyman and propagandist for England. Endorsed colonialism because he said they would create new markets for England and alleviate poverty/unemployment by siphoning off surplus population. | 45 | |
| 1614919048 | John Calvin and Puritans | French reformer who introduced the idea of "predestination." These types of Protestants were the most radical of the group. Determined to worship as they pleased. | 46 | |
| 1614919049 | English Reformation | When King Henry VIII severed ties with the Catholic Church because they wouldn't grant him a divorce. His daughter Mary restored the connection, then his second daughter Elizabeth severed the connection again. | 47 | |
| 1614919050 | Puritan Separatists and Quakers | This type of Protestant believed you could worship however you wanted and the.. believed that you could even have women as preachers. | 48 | |
| 1614919051 | Sir Humphrey Gilbert | Served as governor of a Irish district and suppressed rebellions viciously. Established the first English colony in the New World. Educated and civilized. Considered Irish people as less than human. | 49 | |
| 1614919052 | Sir Walter Raleigh | One of the other officers who was present in the Irish rebellions and the New World conquering. Sir W- | 50 | |
| 1614919053 | Sir Richard Grenville | One of the other officers who was present in the Irish rebellions and the New World conquering. Sir R- | 51 | |
| 1614919054 | Plantations | Transplantation of English society in a foreign land. | 52 | |
| 1614919055 | Quebec | First permanent French settlement in the New World. Settled in 1609. | 53 | |
| 1614919056 | Jamestown | First enduring English settlement in the New World. Settled in 1607. | 54 | |
| 1614919057 | Coureurs de bois | Fur traders for the Indians with the French. | 55 | |
| 1614919058 | Seigneuries | Agricultural Estates in America for the French. | 56 | |
| 1614919059 | Samuel de Champlain | Founder of Quebec. Led an attack on a band of Mohawks in 1609. | 57 | |
| 1614919060 | Henry Hudson | An English explorer in the service of the Dutch. Sailed up what is now the Hudson River into what is New York City. | 58 | |
| 1614919061 | Dutch West India Company | Established many permanent trading posts in and around New York. Traded furs and other products. | 59 | |
| 1614919062 | New Amsterdam | Was on Manhattan Island. Is now New York. | 60 | |
| 1614919063 | Sea dogs and Sir Francis Drake | These sea captains (...) for example Sir F... built English confidence in their sea power by leading successful raids on Spanish ships. | 61 | |
| 1614919064 | Roanoke | Colony started Sir Richard Grenville and Sir Walter Raleigh. Disappeared for unknown reasons. | 62 | |
| 1614919065 | London Group Charter | Group of London merchants who wanted to further colonize America. Got to colonize more of the south. | 63 | |
| 1614919066 | Plymouth Merchant Charter | Group of Plymouth and West Country towns men who wanted to colonize america as well. Got to colonize the northern coast. | 64 | |
| 1614919067 | Joint Stock Company | Company where different people can own different sections of it. People would contribute to expeditions to start new colonies. | 65 |
