APUSH unit 2 terms 1763-1789
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| 474075540 | Articles of Confederation | "America's first attempt at organized government was the ill-conceived Articles of Confederation. This government gave the new states too much power and was insufficient as a means of governing a nation. The Articles were adopted in 1776, and ratified by March of 1781. | |
| 474075541 | Battle of Saratoga | A Battle during the American Revolution (fought on Sept. 19 and Oct. 7) where the Americans defeated British general John Burgoyne's army. | |
| 474075542 | Bill of Rights | The Bill of rights are known as the first ten amendments in the United States Constitution which limit the power of the government. The limitations protect the natural/individual rights of the citizens. | |
| 474075543 | Boston Massacre | In the night some colonists were fired on by a group of British solders in self defense | |
| 474075544 | Boston Tea Party | Angry colonists From Boston (likely the Sons of Liberty) boarded ships docked in the Boston Harbor dressed as Indians and dumped over 300 crates of tea. | |
| 474075545 | Coercive/Intolerable Acts | A set of acts passed by Parliament in 1774 that 1) closed Boston port until tea was paid off from Boston Tea Party, 2) Massachusetts officials had to be appointed only by king, 3) moved soldiers back into Boston, 4) allowed British citizens in colonies to have trials in Britain if they needed a trial. | |
| 474075546 | Connecticut (Great) Compromise | Refers to the agreement between large and small states that was reached during the constitutional convention of 1787. This agreement allowed each state to have equal number of represntatives in one house while having representatives proportional to each state's population in another house. Developed by Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth. | |
| 474075547 | Deism | A religion where the people believe in God but don't believe that God revealed Himself to humanity in any way including the Bible or Qur'an. | |
| 474075548 | First Continental Congress | A Meeting in Carpenters Hall Philadelphia where 12 of the 13 colonies (Georgia was absent) met to discuss the colonies reaction to the Intolerable Acts and their relationship with Britain. After much debate the colonies agreed to boycott British goods and pass resolutions that asserted colonial rights. | |
| 474075549 | Second Continental Congress | A group of delagates that began meeting soon after the actual fighting of the American Revolution began who would eventually write documents such as the American Declaration of Independance, and really started talking about a way to get independance from England since May 10, 1775, the first day they met together | |
| 474075550 | Gaspee Affair | The Gaspee Affiar was when the HMS Gaspee ran aground in the harbor now know as Gaspee Point near Warwick, Rhode Island, and was boarded, attacked, stolen from, and lit on fireby a group of people led by Abraham Whipple and John Brown in an act of defiance against the British Empire. | |
| 474075551 | Loyalists/Tories | American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and the king. Tories usually supported monarchism and opposed the Whigs. Also, they were usually Anglican. | |
| 474075552 | New Jersey Plan | A plan for the structure of the U.S. government proposed by William Paterson. It gave each state one vote in the Senate regardless of population. | |
| 474075553 | no taxation without representation | Even thought the British believed in virtual representation, the American colonists didn't like it since they didn't have true representatives in Parliament. The colonists felt that since they weren't represented, the British had no right to tax them. | |
| 474075554 | non-importation agreements | Part of colonial resistance against acts that were enforced by the British. Was very effective. | |
| 474075555 | Northwest Ordinance | It was the Northwest Territory's charter government which was adopted in 1787. It listed the rights the people in territory had and how new states formed from the territory would be admitted into the Union. | |
| 474075556 | Olive Branch Petition | The last chance for peaceful negotiations the colonists gave King George III, it was drafted on the fifth of July in 1775 and signed by forty-eight representatives from all the colonies except Georgia, its author is considered John Dickinson who revised it after Thomas Jefferson had already written it, his draft however was a bit too offensive. King George III turned down the colonists' final offer. | |
| 474075557 | Proclamation of 1763 | The Royal Proclamation of 1763 prohibited governors from granting land beyond the App. Mountains disappointed Americans viewed the Army as an obstruction to legitimate economic development, a domestic police force that cost too much money. | |
| 474075558 | Quartering Act | The Quartering act, made in 1765, required the colonists to house soldiers in barracks, taverns,and vancant buildings. Also, they were required to provide the army with firewood, candles,beer, and many other things. Happened mostly in New York. | |
| 474075559 | Shay's Rebellion | Shay's Rebellion was a rebellion of poor farmers in Massachusetts who were angry at the government for not recognising there needs. I was led by Daniel Shay who said that there was no way for the farmers to ever get out of debt. The rebellion was stopped by a group of wealthy people from Boston who gathered up a small army. | |
| 474075560 | Sons of Liberty | The Sons of Liberty was a group of patriotic extremists centered in Boston and led by Samual Adams. They led the boycott against British goods after Britain passed the Stamp act and they created the committees of correspondence. Most people also believe that they were responsible for the Boston Tea Party. | |
| 474075561 | Strict constructionism | Abiding by the laws and Articles of the Constitution to a precise point. A strict constructionist follow laws in a specific manner. | |
| 474075562 | Sugar Act 1764 | Passed by George Grenville this act increased colonial revenue on sugar. This Act had no effect on the general American public, but rather the Merchants and in part the Colonial Assemblies. | |
| 474075563 | Tea Act | 1773- the Tea Act is passed, allowing the East India Company to sell tea at low prices in the American colonies. | |
| 474075564 | Thomas Paine/Common Sense | January 1776- Thomas Paine authors the pamphlet entitled 'Common Sense', which becomes immensely popular and has a large affect colonial opinions about government. | |
| 474075565 | Three-fifths Compromise | An agreemment between Northern and Southern states in which 3/5 of the slave population would be counted regarding tax distribution and the appointment of members to the House of Representatives. | |
| 474075566 | Townshend Acts | A series of laws passed in 1767 by the British Parliment, which put taxes on certain items being imported into America such as paper, glass, and tea. Britian used this as a way to decrease national debt. | |
| 474075567 | Treaty of Alliance 1778 | The Treaty of Alliance was presented by the French to the American representatives. The French promised to not make peace with Great Britain before Great Britain recognized the United States as an independent country and a Treaty was signed between the two that would end the war. The Americans promised not to sign a peace with britain before informing the French, their new allies. | |
| 474075568 | Treaty of Paris 1783 | The Treaty of Paris was signed on September 3, 1783. It was a peace treaty between the Americans and the British. It officially ended the Revolutionary War. | |
| 474075569 | Virginia Plan | The Virginia Plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The Virginia Plan was notable for its role in setting the overall agenda for debate in the convention and, for setting forth the idea of population-weighted representation in the proposed national legislature. | |
| 474075570 | virtual representation | During the early American Revolution, colonists in the Thirteen Colonies rejected legislation imposed upon them by the British Parliament because the colonies were not represented in Parliament. The famous quote that went along with this No taxation without representation. | |
| 474075571 | Federalists | Label for the people who stood for a confederation of states rather than the creation of supreme national authority. | |
| 474075572 | Antifederalists | "Poorer, less urban, and less well educated people did not agree with the federation of the states. | |
| 474075573 | committees of correspondence | The first comittiee of correspondence was a 21 member comittee established by Boston selectmen, including Samuel Adams, which provided colonial leadership and aided cooperation between the colonies. Later, many more comittees were created in the colonies. They were a big part in colonial unity. | |
| 474075574 | natural rights | rights that every man or women has that the government cannot violate | |
| 474075575 | Federalist Papers | 85 essays about the proposed government in the Constitution. Published in 1787-1788 to persuade voters in NY to ratify the Constitution. The authors were anonymous but some included Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison. | |
| 474075576 | parliamentary soverignty | Makes Parliament the top legal authority, with rights to create and end laws, and control the courts. They can not pass laws that future parliaments can not change. | |
| 474075577 | Regulators (N.&S. Carolina) | settlers in the backcountry of the North and South Carolinas who attempted to strengthen government by creating courts and replacing corrupt officials. | |
| 474075578 | Patrick Henry | Spoke in front of the House of Burgesses proposing 5 solutions about the stamp act. He declared the Virginians only had the right to tax Virginians and that any other attempt was unconstitutional and illegal. | |
| 474075579 | Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania | John Dickinson, a lawyer, wrote this pamphlet. He believed that there should be a strong central government. He also thought that all states should have equal representation in Congress. He thought that the taxes paid to Congress should be paid based on the total population of a state. | |
| 474075580 | Continental Association | In 1774, Congress created the Continental Association. It banned trade between Great Britian and America hoping that the Intolerable Acts would be repealed. |
