Chapter 26 Vocabulary APWH
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| 57950791 | Khalifa Abdallahi | Succesor of Muhhamad Achmad as leader of Mahdists in Sudan; defeated by British general Kitchener inm 1598. | 0 | |
| 57950792 | Muhammad Abduh | Disciple of al-Afghani; muslim thinker at end of 19th century; stressed need for adoption of Western scientific learning and technology, recognized importance of tradition of rational inquiry. | 1 | |
| 57950793 | Abdul Hamid | Ottoman sultan who attempted to return to despotic absolutism during reign from 1878 to 1908; nullified constitution in restricted civil liberties; deposed in coup in 1908. | 2 | |
| 57950794 | Muhammad Ali | Won power struggle in Egypt following fall of Mamluks; established mastery of all Egypt by 1811; introduced effective army based on Western tactics and supply and a variety of other reforms; by 1830's was able to challenge Ottoman government in Constantinople; died in 1848. | 3 | |
| 57950795 | banner armies | 8 armies of the Manchu tribes identified by separate flags; created by Nurhaci in early 17th century; utilized to defeat Ming emperor and establish Qing dynasty. | 4 | |
| 57950796 | Boxer Rebellion | popular outburst in 1898 aimed at expelling foreigners from China; failed because of intervention of armies of Western powers in China; defeat of Chinese enhanced control by Europeans and the power of provincial officials. | 5 | |
| 57950797 | Compradors | wealthy new group of Chinese merchants under the Qing dynasty; specialized in the import export trade on China's south coast; one of the major links between China and the outside world. | 6 | |
| 57950798 | Hong Xiuquan | Leader of Taiping rebellion; converted to specifically Chinese form of Christianity; attacked traditional Confucian teachings of Chinese elite. | 7 | |
| 57950799 | Khartoum | River town that was administrative center of Egyptian authority in Sudan. | 8 | |
| 57950800 | Khedives | descendants of Muhammad Ali in Egypt after 1867; formal rulers of Egypt despite French and English intervention until overthrown by military coup in 1952. | 9 | |
| 57950801 | Lin Zexu | Distinguised Chinese official charged with stamping out opium trade in southern China; ordered blockade of European trading areas in Canton and confiscation of opium; sent into exile following opium war. | 10 | |
| 57950802 | Mahmud II | ottoman sultan; built a private, professional army; fomented revolution of Janissaries and crushed them with private army destroyed power of Jannissaries and their religious allies: initiated reforms of Ottoman Empire on Western precedents. | 11 | |
| 57950803 | Murad | head of coalition of Mamluk rulers in Egypt; opposed Napoleonic invasion of Egypt and suffered devastating defeat; failure destroyed Mamluk government in Egypt and revealed vulnerability of Muslim core. | 12 | |
| 57950804 | Nurhaci | architect of Manchu unity; created distinctive Manchu banner armies; controlled most of Manchuria; adopted Chinese bureaucracy and court ceremonies in Manchuria; entered China and successfully captured Ming capital at Beijing. | 13 | |
| 57950805 | Opium War | fought between the British and Qing China beginning in 1839; fought to protect British trade in opium; resulted in resounding of British victory, opening of Hong Kong as British army for support. | 14 | |
| 57950806 | Ottoman Society for Union and Progress | organization of political agitators in opposition to rule Abdul Harmid; also called "young turks"; desired to restore 1876 constitution. | 15 | |
| 57950807 | Puyi | last emperor of China; deposed as emperor while still as small boy in 1912. | 16 | |
| 57950808 | Selim III | sultan who ruled Ottoman Empire from 1789-1807; aimed at improving administrative efficiency and building a new army and navy; toppled by Janissaries in 1807. | 17 | |
| 57950809 | Suez Canal | built across isthmus of Suez to connect Mediterranean sea with red sea; financed by European investors; with increasing indebtedness of khedives, permitted intervention of British into Egyptian politics to protect their investment. | 18 | |
| 57950810 | Sun Yat-sen | head of revolutionary alliance, led revolt against Qing dynasty in China; briefly elected president. | 19 | |
| 57950811 | Taiping Rebellion | broke out in south China in 1850's; sought to overthrow Qing dynasty and Confucian basis of scholar-gentry. | 20 | |
| 57950812 | Tanzimat reforms | series of reforms in ottoman empire between 1839-1876; resulted in creation of new constitution. | 21 |
