The West and the Changing Balance of World Power
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| 3315072141 | Ottoman Turks | People who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350's; Conquered large part of Balkans: Unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from the Balkans that included most of the Islamic World. |  | 0 |
| 3315072142 | Zhenghe | Chines Muslim admiral who commanded series of Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea trade and Expedition under third Ming emperor, Yunglo, between 1405 and 1433. |  | 1 |
| 3315072143 | Hundred Years War | Conflict between England and France from 1337 to 1453; fought over lands England possessed in France and feudal rights versus the emerging claims of the national states. |  | 2 |
| 3315072144 | Francesco Petrarch | (1304-1374) One of the major literary figures of the Western Renaissance; an Italian author and humanist. |  | 3 |
| 3315072145 | Iberian Peninsula | a peninsula in southwestern Europe that today is divided by Spain and France |  | 4 |
| 3315072146 | Inquisition | A religious committee of six Roman cardinals that tried heretics and punished the guilty by imprisonment and execution |  | 5 |
| 3315072147 | Polynesia | Islands contained in a rough triangle whose points lie in Hawaii, New Zealand, and Easter Island. |  | 6 |
| 3315072148 | Sufi Movement | Mystics within Islam; responsible for expansion of Islam to southeastern Asia |  | 7 |
| 3315072149 | Ibn-Rushd | Spanish-Arab philosopher; also known as Averroes; influenced by Aristotle, his best known writings explore the relationship between reason and faith |  | 8 |
| 3315072150 | Beijing | Became the capital of China during the Ming Dynasty because of its centralized location |  | 9 |
| 3315072151 | Renaissance | Cultural ad political movement in western Europe; began in Italy c. 1400; rested on urban vitality and expanding commerce; featured a literature and art with distinctly more secular priorities than those of the middle ages. |  | 10 |
| 3315072152 | Giotto | An artist who led the way into realism; his treatment of the human body and face replaced the formal stiffness and artificiality that had long characterized the representation of the human body |  | 11 |
| 3315072153 | Castile | Along with Aragon; a regional kingdom of the Iberian Peninsula; pressed reconquest of the peninsula from Muslims; developed a vigorous military and religious agenda. |  | 12 |
| 3315072154 | Vivaldi Brothers | Two Genoese brothers who attempted to find a western route to the "Indies"; disappeared in 1291; precursors of thrust into the southern Atlantic. |  | 13 |
| 3315072155 | Society Islands | Where the first Polynesians settled around the 7th century., collectively, Tahiti, Samoa, and Fiji; initial base of Polynesia |  | 14 |
| 3315072156 | Ming Dynasty | Succeeded Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to Southern Asia and elsewhere, But later concentrated efforts on internal development within China. |  | 15 |
| 3315072157 | Black Death | Plague the struck Europe in the 14 century; significantly reduced Europe's population; affected social structure |  | 16 |
| 3315072158 | Marco Polo | 1254-1324. Venetian traveler. One of first Westerners to travel Silk Road. His "Travels of Marco Polo" was the only account of the Far East available to Europeans until the 17th century. |  | 17 |
| 3315072159 | Christopher Columbus | Genoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; Successfully sailed to the new world and return in 1492; initiated European discoveries in Americas. |  | 18 |
| 3315072160 | Aragon | Along with Castile; a regional kingdom of the Iberian Peninsula; pressed reconquest of the peninsula from Muslims; developed a vigorous military and religious agenda |  | 19 |
| 3315072161 | Enthnocentrism | belief that one's own ethnic group, nation or religion is superior |  | 20 |
| 3315072162 | Maori | A member of a Polynesian group that settled New Zealand about 800 C.E. |  | 21 |
