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| 297627918 | Indo-Aryans | Indo-European tribes who moved in slow waves into India in about 1750. | 0 | |
| 297627919 | Sunis | A sect of Islam. More Moderate muslims | 1 | |
| 297627920 | Sh'ia | radical muslims who believe the Imam must be blood relative of Muhammad | 2 | |
| 297627921 | Urdu | A Persian-influenced literary form of Hindi written in Arabic characters and used as a literary language since the 1300s | 3 | |
| 297627922 | Hindi | the most widely spoken of modern Indic vernaculars | 4 | |
| 297627923 | Mongols | A people of this name is mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia | 5 | |
| 297627924 | Safavids | A Shi'ite Muslim group that started an empire in modern day Iran in the 1500's that lasted to the 1700's. | 6 | |
| 297627925 | Manchu | Federation of Northeast Asian peoples who founded the Qing Empire | 7 | |
| 297627926 | Ming | Chinese dynasty between 1368-1644. Economy flourished, Border Policy was good, but not well enough enforced, as they were taken over by the Manchu from the North in 1644. Sailing expeditions reached as far as Africa. The voyages brought back a lot of fancy goods from overseas, but the main purpose of the voyages was to establish ties with foreign governments. | 8 | |
| 297627927 | Maori | A member of a Polynesian group that settled New Zealand about 800 C.E.` | 9 | |
| 297627928 | Lepanto | Naval battle between Spain and the Ottoman Empire resulting in Spanish victory in 1571; demonstrated European naval superiority over Muslims. | 10 | |
| 297627929 | Syncretism | mixed source belief (religions that are a blend of two or more) | 11 | |
| 297627930 | Capitalism | an economic system in which investment in and ownership of the means of production, distribution, and exchange of wealth is made and maintained chiefly by private individuals or corporations, esp. as contrasted to cooperatively or state-owned means of wealth. | 12 | |
| 297627931 | Mercantalism | an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and obtaining large amounts of gold and silver by selling more than they bought. | 13 | |
| 297627932 | Glorious Revolution | In this bloodless revolution, the English Parliament and William and Mary agreed to overthrow James II for the sake of Protestantism. This led to a constitutional monarchy and the drafting of the English Bill of Rights. | 14 | |
| 297627933 | Jacobins | Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794. | 15 | |
| 297627934 | Girondins | The conservative side of the National Assembly. They favored having a king and wanted an absolute monarchy like England. They were the first people to control the National Assembly. | 16 | |
| 297627935 | Continental System | Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy. | 17 | |
| 297627936 | Creoles | descendents of Spanish-born BUT born in Latin America; resented inferior social, political, economic status | 18 | |
| 297627937 | Caudillismo | The Latin American political tradition, phenomenon associated with the romantic figure of a man on horseback who gains power by force and fraud. | 19 | |
| 297627938 | Akbar | Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. Pro Arts and Religious Tolerance. Din-i-Ilahi (his own religion) | 20 | |
| 297627939 | Mehmed II | also calle Mehmed the Conqueror, Murad's son, conquered Constaninople in 1453 and opened it to new citizens of many religions and backgrounds. The rebuilt city was renamed Instanbul. | 21 | |
| 297627940 | Suleiman the Magnificent | The most famous Sultan of the Ottomans, Suleiman the magnificent led the Ottomans into a golden age in 1520-1566. He was a brilliant war general and took the Ottomans on to conquer areas of eastern Europe and a much larger portion of the middle east. He improved their government substantially and assumed the role of absolute power. | 22 | |
| 297627941 | Ibn Batuta | Arabic traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records. | 23 | |
| 297627942 | Tupac Amaru | Mestizo leader of Indian revolt in Peru; supported by many among lower social classes; revolt eventually failed because of Creole fears of real social revolution. | 24 | |
| 297627943 | Ghengis Khan | , The title of Temujin when he ruled the Mongols (1206-1227). It means the 'universal' leader. He was the founder of the Mongol Empire. Strict military discipline and demanded loyalty. Fierceness. | 25 | |
| 297627944 | Ptolomy | Ancient Roman mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer that developed tables that could be used to compute the positions of planets and stars and believed the universe as a set of nested spheres, with epicycles and deferents that explained small variations and retrogressions in orbits. Until Copernicus, Ptolemy's geocentric model of the heavens was considered fact by the common people and the Church | 26 | |
| 297627945 | Copernicus | Polish astronomer who produced a workable model of the solar system with the sun in the center (1473-1543) | 27 | |
| 297627946 | Kepler | German astronomer who first stated laws of planetary motion (1571-1630) | 28 | |
| 297627947 | Galileo | Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642) | 29 | |
| 297627948 | Leeuwehoek | made one of the first microscopes. Observed plant cells. | 30 | |
| 297627949 | Pascal | French mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist | 31 | |
| 297627950 | Newton | This physicist developed the law of universal gravitation and further caused the decline of the old system of science | 32 | |
| 297627951 | Descartes | (1596-1650) French philosopher, discovered analytical geometry. Saw Algebra and Geometry have a direct relationship. Reduced everything to spiritual or physical. | 33 | |
| 297627952 | Voltaire | Wrote Philosophic Letters on the English & Treatise on Toleration. He admired the English freedom of the press, and religous toleration. He criticized France because of its royal absolutism and lack of freedom of thought. Anti organized religion. | 34 | |
| 297627953 | Rousseau | believed people in their natural state were basically good but that they were corrupted by the evils of society, especially the uneven distribution of property | 35 | |
| 297627954 | Locke | Wrote Two Treatises of Government. Said human nature lived free and had the natural rights of life, liberty, and property. He said government was created in order to protect these rights and if the government failed to do so it was the duty of the people to rebel. | 36 | |
| 297627955 | Hobbes | Wrote Leviathan. Thought human nature was nasty, brutal, & short. He said government was needed to provide jurisdiction for the people and that all rebellions must be quashed. | 37 | |
| 297627956 | Condorcet | Optimistic about humanity's progress. Thought barriers to progress (superstition, prejudice, intolerance, and tyranny) would fade | 38 | |
| 297627957 | Adam Smith | Scottish political economist and philosopher. His Wealth of Nations (1776) laid the foundations of classical free-market economic theory, government should not interfere with economics. Advocates Laissez Faire and founder of "invisible hand"q | 39 | |
| 297627958 | George Fox | founded the of the Society of Friends, also known as Quakers in the 1650's | 40 | |
| 297627959 | John Wesley | Founded the Methodist church | 41 | |
| 297627960 | Robespierre | A French political leader of the eighteenth century. A Jacobin, he was one of the most radical leaders of the French Revolution. He was in charge of the government during the Reign of Terror, when thousands of persons were executed without trial. After a public reaction against his extreme policies, he was executed without trial. | 42 | |
| 297627961 | Napoleon | A French general, political leader, and emperor of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Bonaparte rose swiftly through the ranks of army and government during and after the French Revolution and crowned himself emperor in 1804. He conquered much of Europe but lost two-thirds of his army in a disastrous invasion of Russia. After his final loss to Britain and Prussia at the Battle of Waterloo, he was exiled to the island of St. Helena in the south Atlantic Ocean. | 43 | |
| 297627962 | Goya | Spanish painter well known for his portraits and for his satires (1746-1828) | 44 | |
| 297627963 | Toussaint L'Ouverture | was an important leader of the Haïtian Revolution and the first leader of a free Haiti. In a long struggle again the institution of slavery, he led the blacks to victory over the whites and free coloreds and secured native control over the colony in 1797, calling himself a dictator. | 45 | |
| 297627964 | Hidalgo | This Spanish priest led the rebellion against Spain and was executed for it. The rebellion was ultimately successful and Mexico won its independence in 1821. | 46 | |
| 297627965 | San Martin | Was one of the leaders for Argentia, Peru, and chile during the Revolution against the Spanish. Also, he was a Creole and he was known for his smart decisions. | 47 | |
| 297627966 | Bolivar | Freed Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, Ecador, Peru, and Bolivia, from Spanish rule. Known as "The Liberator" a creole. | 48 | |
| 297627967 | Morelos | A farmer turned priest, successor to Hildalgo in Mexico | 49 | |
| 297627968 | Bismarck | conservative realist who used war and diplomacy to unite Germany | 50 | |
| 297627969 | Pankhurst | radical suffragist; convinced that only aggressive tactics would bring victory--peaceful efforts didn't work; smashed and burned buildings to get the attention of the gov't, which supposedly only cared for property | 51 | |
| 297627970 | 1430 | China ceased exploration. Became a closed off country and only traded internally. ->revitalized it's interior. The rest of the world sought alternate routes. | 52 | |
| 297627971 | 1453 | Constantinople -> Istanbul. Muslims became a threat. Europe had harder time trading. Sought alternate routes. | 53 | |
| 297627972 | 1454 | Invention of Printing Press. Commonized Reading. | 54 | |
| 297627973 | 1492 | Columbus sailed the Ocean Blue. Found Americas, opened New World to Europe. | 55 | |
| 297627974 | 1571 | Manila; Battle of Lepanto. M was a trade hub (capital of Philippines w. Spanish influence). BoL b/w Spanish and Muslims. Spain won and sent Muslims out. | 56 | |
| 297627975 | 1588 | Defeat of Spanish Armada. England defeated Spain with help from wind. Marked start of Spain's decline. | 57 | |
| 297627976 | 1683 | Ottomans to Vienna. Defeated. Stopped expansion Islam into Europe. Europe was wary of Ottomans and Islams were in Europe. Started decline of Ottomans. | 58 | |
| 297627977 | 1600s-1800s | Japan and China Isolated. Affected world trade w/o them. They gradually fell behind Europe. Europe had to trade around them. Gave them a chance to improve internally. | 59 | |
| 297627978 | 1688 | Glorious Revolution. When Stuart Monarch ended, William and Mary came in, and Parliament gained power. Step in democratic direction for Europe. | 60 | |
| 297627979 | 1789 | Attack on the Bastille. Important event in French Revolution. | 61 | |
| 297627980 | 1815 | Napoleon defeated in Battle of Waterloo. Marked decline of France. | 62 | |
| 297627981 | 1820s | Latin American revolutions | 63 | |
| 297627982 | 1740-1860 | First Industrial Revolution. England top country. Products were cotton, iron, and coal. | 64 | |
| 297627983 | 1860-1910 | Second Industrial Revolution. Germany top country. Products were steel. | 65 | |
| 297627984 | 1500s Top Country | Spain. Biggest empire, most empire, biggest navy. | 66 | |
| 297627985 | 1600s Top Country | France. Louis XIV made France #1. | 67 | |
| 297627986 | 1700s Top Country | France. | 68 | |
| 297627987 | 1800s- | Britain. | 69 | |
| 297627988 | 1500s | Age of Exploration | 70 | |
| 297627989 | 1600s | Scientific Revolution | 71 | |
| 297627990 | 1700s | Enlightenment | 72 | |
| 297627991 | 1775-83 | American Revolution | 73 | |
| 297627992 | 1789 | French Revolution | 74 | |
| 297627993 | 1740-1860 | First Industrial Revolution | 75 | |
| 297627994 | late 1800s | Second Industrial Revolution and Imperialism | 76 |
