Terms : Hide Images
| 49714153 | Muslims | those who practice the religion of Islam; believe in one God, and the prophet Muhammad whom they believe God spoke through | 0 | |
| 49714154 | Mohammed | Founder. Came to beleive that one true God, Allah was speaking to him through the archangle Gabriel and he passed the religion onto others. Truths written in the Qur'an. City dweller in mecca born in 570CE. Flight to Medina in 622AD. Died in 632 AD | 1 | |
| 49714155 | Abu Bakr | Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. Known as best interpretter of dreams following Muhammad's death. | 2 | |
| 49714156 | Charles Martel | the Frankish commander for the battle of Tours. He defeated the Muslimsin the Battle of Tours, allowing Christianity to survive throughout the Dark Ages. He in a way started Feudalism by giving land to his knights that served for him. | 3 | |
| 49714157 | Shi'ite Muslims | Muslims who believe that true interpretation of Islamic teaching can only come from certain religious and political leaders called imams; believe leadership fell to the martyred Ali, Muhammads son in law | 4 | |
| 49714158 | Sunni Muslims | 85%-90% of muslims; believe that successor to the caliphate should be chosen from among the umma, or muslim community, and accepted the earliest caliphas as the legitimate rulers of Islam | 5 | |
| 49714159 | Sufis | a mystical Muslim group that believed they could draw closer to God through prayer, fasting, and a simple life; began missionary group | 6 | |
| 49714160 | Mamluks | Under the Islamic system of military slavery, Turkic military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate of the ninth and tenth centuries. they eventually founded their own state, ruling Egypt and Syria. (236) | 7 | |
| 49714161 | Ottoman Turks | captured Constantinople in 1453 and rename it Istanbul; as a result the Byzantine people flee to Italian City-States which becomes a catalyst for the expansion of language and art | 8 | |
| 49714162 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code | 9 | |
| 49714163 | Pope | the bishop of Rome and supreme leader of the Roman Catholic Church | 10 | |
| 49714164 | St. Cyril | help? | 11 | |
| 49714165 | Vladimir | Russian ruler who chose Byzantine Christianity as the official religion of the Russian state | 12 | |
| 49714166 | Franks | Germanic people who lived and held power in Gaul. Their leader was Clovis and he would later bring Christianity to the region. By 511 the Franks had united into one kingdom and they controlled the largest and strongest parts of Europe. | 13 | |
| 49714167 | King Clovis | a king of franks that became Christian. got support from romans living in his kingdom | 14 | |
| 49714168 | Pepin | assumed the kingship of the Frankish state for himself; left the Frankish kingdom to his two sons, Carloman and Charles | 15 | |
| 49714169 | Charlemagne | germanic king who was a famous military leader, improved life, established order, supported edcuation and culture, joined by pope and church, eventually became emperor; King of the Franks (r. 768-814); emperor (r. 800-814). Through a series of military conquests he established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Illiterate, though started an intellectual revival. | 16 | |
| 49714170 | Otto the Great | duke of Saxony; gained enough support from other German nobles to succeed his father as king of Germans; king of Germany and Holy Roman Emperor (912-973) | 17 | |
| 49714171 | Vikings | refers to a member of the Norse (Scandinavian) seafaring traders, warriors and pirates who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the late 8th to the 11th century.[1] These Norsemen used their famed longships to travel as far east as Constantinople and the Volga River in Russia, and as far west as Newfoundland. This period of Viking expansion is commonly referred to as the Viking Age of Scandinavian History.[2] While once thought to be part of the "barbaric North", with traditionally accepted ideas of Viking culture remaining in popular culture even today, the historical image of the Vikings has evolved somewhat to show the Vikings as sophisticated, technologically advanced peoples, proficient sailors, ship and town builders.[3] | 18 | |
| 49714172 | Magyars | barbarian people who migrated into southern Europe, and in the early 10th century ad occupied Hungary, from where their horsemen raided into France, Italy, Germany, and even Spain | 19 | |
| 49714173 | nobles | rich powerful families making up the upper class; managed the kings land | 20 | |
| 49714174 | vassals | members of the military elite who received land or a benefice from a lord in return for military service and loyalty | 21 | |
| 49714175 | peasants | bottom of the feudal pyramid, like slaves, worked for the lords, and was the vass majority | 22 | |
| 49714176 | serfs | a person who lived on and farmed a lords land in feudal times; bound to the land | 23 | |
| 49714177 | burghers | key merchants that challenged the social caste system; merchants and artisans | 24 | |
| 49714178 | Pope Innocent III | pope from 1198 to 1216 and led the papacy to its height in power...he was a skilled diplomat and a great political leader...he believed that emperors and kings were servant of the church.. he dominated almost all of Europe; called for fourth crusade | 25 | |
| 49714179 | Thomas Aquinas | (Roman Catholic Church) Italian theologian and Doctor of the Church who is remembered for his attempt to reconcile faith and reason in a comprehensive theology; argued that the most basic religious truths could be proved by logical argument. | 26 | |
| 49714180 | William the Conquerer | meshed Scandinavian and European culture,1066, Battle of Hastings, Viking prince.ruled Britain and France at the same time | 27 | |
| 49714181 | King Hugh Capet | King of France, First of the Capetians; son of Hugh the Great; he gave away much of his land to secure the dynasty. He spent much of his reign fighting Charles and later became involved in a controversy with the papacy-unsettled at his death-over disposition of the Carolingian archbishop of Reims | 28 | |
| 49714182 | Joan of Arc | French heroine and military leader inspired by religious visions to organize French resistance to the English and to have Charles VII crowned king | 29 | |
| 49714183 | Bourbons | ruled France from the late 1600s until the French Revolution, Louis XIV and Louis XVI- Bourbon kings, develop strong Huguenot sympathies | 30 | |
| 49714184 | Queen Isabella | once a regional ruler in Castile, Spain, she and her husband Ferdinand, made up the strongest and most ambitious monarchy in Europe. In 1492, Christopher Columbus went to her to ask for support for a westward voyage, which she agreed, supplying him with three ships, and 90 men. | 31 | |
| 49755421 | King Ferdinand | King of Spain who agreed to finance Christopher Columbus's expedition to the Americas in 1492; husband of Queen Isabella | 32 | |
| 49755422 | Ivan the Terrible | Ivan IV (grandson of Ivan III), began as a successful leader, added lands to Russia, gave the country a code of laws; ruled harshly after the death of his wife (used secret police to hunt down opponents and kill them); first to assume the title Czar of Russia | 33 | |
| 49755423 | Emperor Xuanzong | emperor during the T'ang Dynasty in China; expanded Chinese territory into parts of Manchuria, Mongolia, TIbet, and Korea; (reigned 713-755) | 34 | |
| 49755424 | Wu Zhao | the only woman to ever declare herself empress, she was a member of the Tang Dynasty; takes over when Li Shimin dies; she used trickery to get power, cuts taxes, raises salaries of government officials, encourages trade and buddhism, takes korea as a tributary state, reforms the civil service exams, builds more school for more job opprotunities, takes critism from Li Bo and improves | 35 | |
| 49755425 | Yamato clan | Who: Shotoku Taishi, Koreans mixed with Ainus. What: First ruling family in Japan. Heredity ruling system. Seen as descended from the sun goddess, Jimmu Tenno. Started trade with China and other places. When: 500 AD. Where: Japan. Why: Unified Japan by uniting the families in Japan | 36 | |
| 49755426 | Prince Shotoku | Ruled Japanese throne 573-621; Chief architect of great changes that transformed Japan. Adopted Chinese calendar, organized embassy to China, to learn from the Chinese; brought Buddhism from China | 37 | |
| 49755427 | Fujiwara | Japanese aristocratic family in mid-9th century; exercised exceptional influence over imperial affairs; aided in decline of imperial power. | 38 | |
| 49755428 | shogun | Supreme ruler of Tokugawa Japan to whom the daimyos had to answer, powerful Japanese leader, ruled under emperor, military rank; part of feudal society | 39 | |
| 49755429 | daimyo | a japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai | 40 | |
| 49755430 | Golden Horde | this Khanate ruled in Russia (conquered between 1237 and 1241). They then attacked Poland, Hungary, and east Germany in 1241-42. These Mongols maintained a large army on the steppes and never truly occupied Russia (ruled in name only). Russians expelled them in the mid-16th century but they ruled in Crimea until the late 18th century | 41 | |
| 49755431 | Genghis Khan | A Mongolian general and emperor of the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries, known for his military leadership and great cruelty. He conquered vast portions of northern China and southwestern Asia; masters of the shortbow; contact w/Chinese introduced them to other weapons. | 42 | |
| 49755432 | Kublai Khan | Mongolian emperor of China and grandson of Genghis Khan who completed his grandfather's conquest of China; he establish the Yuan dynasty and built a great capital on the site of modern Beijing where he received Marco Polo (1216-1294) | 43 | |
| 49755433 | Timur Lang | help? | 44 | |
| 49755434 | Mansa Musa | 1307-1332 devoted muslim, took famous hajj and was gone for two years, took lots of people, brings lots of gold, 80 camels, gives away gold as alms (value of gold drops), built mosques, hotels. also builds timbuktu, increases size of mali, divides empire into provinces, grows a lot of crops, population increases; his Mali king brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; he was the most powerful king in west africa | 45 | |
| 49755435 | Benin | west african kingdom that flourished in the NIger Delta region from the 14th to the 17th century; A powerful city-state formed around the 14th century; was not relatively influence by the Europeans despite coming into contact with the Portuguese'; important commercial and political entity until the 19th century | 46 |
