The Rise of Islam, 600 - 1200 CE
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| 224436937 | Mecca | Western Arabian city and ritual center of the Islamic religion | 0 | |
| 224436938 | Muhammad | Arab prophet; founder of the religion of Islam | 1 | |
| 224436939 | Muslim | A supporter of the Islamic religion; a person who "submits" (in Arabic, Islam means "submission") to the will of God | 2 | |
| 224436940 | Islam | Religion explained by prophet Muhammad; In tradition of Judaism and Christianity, and sharing much of their lore. One creator god - Allah - rewards or punishes in the afterlife on the basis of how the believer led their life | 3 | |
| 224436941 | Medina | Western Arabian city to which Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 CE to escape persecution in Mecca | 4 | |
| 224436942 | umma | Community of all Muslims | 5 | |
| 224436943 | caliphate | Office established in succession to the Prophet Muhammad, to rule the Islamic empire | 6 | |
| 224436944 | Quran | Sacred Islamic text composed of the divine revelations made to the Prophet Muhammad between ca 610 and his death in 632 CE | 7 | |
| 224436945 | Umayyad Caliphate | First hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs; ruled an empire extending from Spain to India | 8 | |
| 224436946 | Shi'ites | Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali | 9 | |
| 224436947 | Sunnis | Muslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership | 10 | |
| 224436948 | Abbasid Caliphate | Descendants of the prophet Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas; Overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate, and ruled an Islamic epire from their capital in Baghdad from 750 to 1258 CE | 11 | |
| 224436949 | Mamluks | Turkic military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphates of the ninth and tenth centuries | 12 | |
| 224436950 | Ghana | First know kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa between the sixth and thirteen centuries CE. | 13 | |
| 224436951 | ulama | Muslim religious scholars | 14 | |
| 224436952 | hadith | A tradition relating the words or deeds of the prophet Muhammad; next to the Quran, the most important basis for Islamic laws | 15 |
