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Basic Genetics for AP Biology Flashcards

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12743653888alleleThe different forms of a gene0
12743653889dominant AlleleAn allele whose trait always shows up in the organism when the allele is present1
12743653890recessive AlleleAn allele that is hidden when a dominant allele is present2
12743653891homozygousHaving two identical alleles for a trait3
12743653892heterozygousHaving two different alleles for a trait4
12743653893genotypeAn organisms allele combinations represented by letters5
12743653894phenotypeThe expression of physical traits that appear in an individual as a result of its genotype6
12743653895incomplete dominanceA blended phenotype. One allele is not completely dominant over the other7
12743653896genotypic ratioThe percent of allele combinations that could appear in offspring, sometimes shown as fractions8
12743653897phenotypic ratioThe percent of physical traits that could appear in offspring, sometimes shown as fractions9
12743653898Gregor MendelThe father of genetics - Experimented with pea plants in the 1800's10
12743653899chromosomeCoiled chromatin, 46 are found in human body cells11
12743653900mitosisCell division where the chromosomes in a cell nucleus are separated into two identical sets of chromosomes, each in its own nucleus.12
12743653901meiosisCell division that halves the number of chromosomes when forming sex cells13
12743653902punnett SquareA diagram that is used to predict possible outcomes in the offspring of a particular cross or breeding experiment.14
12743653903GGWhich genotype represents the homozygous dominant trait in this punnett square?15
12743653904GgWhich genotype represents the heterozygous trait in this punnett square?16
12743653905ggWhich genotype represents the homozygous recessive trait in this punnett square?17
12743653906yellowWhat is the phenotype of the homozygous dominant trait expressed in this punnett square?18
12743653907purpleWhat is the phenotype of the heterozygous trait expressed in this punnett square?19
12743653908greenWhat is the phenotype of the homozygous recessive trait expressed in this punnett square?20
12743653909YYWhat are the possible genotypes for yellow pods in this punnett square?21
12743653910yyWhat are the possible genotypes for green pods in this punnett square?22
12743653911sex ChromosomeThe chromosomes involved in determining the sex of an organism.23
12743653912traitAny characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring24
12743653913heredityThe passing of traits from parents to offspring.25
12743653914geneticsThe study of heredity.26
12743673239codominanceboth alleles for a gene are expressed in a heterozygous individual27
12743694817polygenic traita single trait that is influenced by more than one gene. Examples include eye color, skin color and height in humans28
12743838075Charles Darwin1800's scientist who first presented the ideas of evolutionary change29

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