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Bio Chapter 1: Exploring Life

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203460450BiosphereThe entire portion of Earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet's ecosystems
203460451EcosystemAll the organisms in a given area, along with the nonliving (abiotic) factors with which they interact; a biological community and its physical environment
203460452CommunityAn assemblage of all the organisms living together and potentially interacting in a particular area
203460453PopulationA group of interacting individuals belonging to ones species and living in the same geographic area
203460454OrganismAn individual living thing, such as a bacterium, fungus, protist, plant or animal
203460455Organ SystemA group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions
203460456OrgansA structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific functions
203460457TissueA cooperative unit of many similar cells that perform a specific function with a multicellular organism.
203460458CellA basic unit of living matter separated from it environment by a plasma membrane; the fundamental structural unit of life
203460459OrganelleA structure with a specialized function within a cell
203460460Moleculea group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
203460461AtomThe smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element
203460462ProducerAn organism that makes organic food molecules from carbon dioxide, water, and other inorganic raw materials: a plant, alga, or autotrophic bacterium
203460463ConsumerAn organism that obtains its food by eating plants or by eating animals that have eaten plants
203460464DecomposerA consumer that derives its energy from nonliving organic material
203460465Emergent PropertiesNew properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
203460466SystemA more complex organization formed from a combination of components
203460467Prokaryotic cellA type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea
203460468Eukaryotic cellA type of cell that has a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles. All organisms except bacteria and archaea are composed of eukaryotic cells
203460469speciesa group whose members possess similar anatomical characteristics and have the ability to interbreed.
203460470TaxonomyThe branch of biology concerned with identifying, naming, and classifying species
203460471KingdomIn classification, the broad taxonomic category above phylum or division
203460472DomainA taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains of life are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya
203460473BacteriaOne of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being Archaea
203460474ArchaeaOne of two prokaryotic domains of life, the other being bacteria
203460475ProkaryoteAn organism with prokaryotic cells
203460476TheoryA widely accepted explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by a large body of evidence
203460477Natural SelectionDifferential success in reproduction by different phenotypes resulting from interactions with the environment. Evolution occurs when natural selection produces changes in the relative frequencies of alleles in a population's gene pool
203460478Evolutionary adaptiona inherited characteristic that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
203460479hypothesisA tentative explanation a scientist proposes for a specific phenomenon that has been observed
203460480controlled experimentA component of the process of science whereby a scientist carries out two parallel tests, an experimental test and a control test. The experimental test differs from the control by one factor, the variable
203460481technologyThe practical application of scientific knowledge

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