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Biochemistry Flashcards

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7774087189organic moleculeChemical compound that contains carbon and hydrogen0
7774087190CarbohydratesMolecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they include sugars and starches.1
7774087191ProteinsA polymer made of amino acids; molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfer2
7774087192LipidsNon polar molecules found in fat and cholesterol3
7774087193MonomerEach subunit in the complete molecule4
7774087194PolymerA large unit or macromolecule made of many monomers bonded together5
7774087195MonosaccharideA single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar.6
7774087196Polysaccharidea carbohydrate whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together.7
7774087197amino acidsmolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur8
7774087198glycerol and fatty acidsIn a fat molecule, the fatty acids are attached to each of the three carbons of the glycerol molecule with an ester bond through the oxygen atom9
7774087199TriglyceridesA triglyceride is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids. Triglycerides are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other animals, as well as vegetable fat10
7774087200SteriodsA steroid is an organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration11
7774087201Phospholipidsa lipid containing a phosphate group in its molecule12
7774087202Dehydration reactiona chemical reaction that involves the loss of a water molecule from the reacting molecule13
7774087203Hydrolysis ReactionA chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound14
7774087204Hydrophobictending to repel or fail to mix with water15
7774087205Hydrophilichaving a tendency to mix with or dissolve in water.16
7774087206EnzymesCatalysts for chemical reactions in living things17
7774087207Activation energythe minimum quantity of energy that the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specified reaction.18
7774087208pHA solutions acidity or H+ ion concentration is measured by a pH scale19
7774087209AcidA compound that releases a proton20
7774087210BasesCompounds that remove H+ from a solution21
7774087211Buffersa solution that resists changes in pH when acid or alkali is added to it.22

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