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Biochemistry Flashcards

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8027963795Water propertiesCohesion Adhesion Capillary action Good solvent Temperature regulation (m.p, b.p) Polar0
8027996821CohesionWater to water H bonds1
8027999292AdhesionWater to surface or other molecules Polar2
8028011577Capillary actionRise or fall of liquids bc of surface tension H bond, polar3
8028022442Good solventPolar4
8028022443Temperature regulationa lot of energy to overcome to melt or boil H bonds5
8028028707pHconcentration of free H+ ions in solution6
80280308512 metabolic reactionsAnabolic Catabolic7
8028035725Anabolic reactionsmall to large condensation/dehydration synthesis photosynthesis8
8028044183Photosynthesis reactionsun + CO2 + H2O -> C6H12O6 + O2 anabolic9
8028038238Catabolic reactionlarge to small hydrolysis cell respiration10
8028069325cell respirationC6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP catabolic11
80280791554 Macromoleculescarbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids12
8028087696carbohydratesMonomer: monosaccharides13
8028111193MonosaccharidesGlucose Fructose Galactose C6H12O6 for all same formula, different structure & function (isomers)14
8028155865PolysaccharidesGlycogen (animals store sugar) Starch (plants store sugar) Cellulose (fibre structure of cell walls) Chitin (exoskeleton of insects)15
8028135439DisaccharidesSucrose Lactose Maltose Isomers C12H22O1116
8028087697LipidsMonomer: fatty acids17
8028087698ProteinsMonomer: amino acids made up of peptide bonds -> polypeptide18
8028177189Amino acidCompound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end19
8028097023Nucleic acidsMonomer: nucleotides20
8028124027IsomersMolecules of same formula Different properties, arrangement, function21
8028194247Protein structurePrimary: polypeptide Secondary: helix of pleated sheet Tertiary: Secondaries together Quarternary: Primary/secondary or tertiary + atom/molecule22
8028213853InorganicNo carbon Not formed from living things or the remains of living things23
8029708054Peptide bondA bond that links amino acids together in a protein. anabolic reaction24
8029821538EnzymesLipase Protease Carbohydrase proteins that speed up chemical reactions biological catalyst25
8029832934Enzyme characteristicsactive site: break or combine very specific, only acts on 1 type of molecule -> many enzymes recycled, does not get used up26
8029840882Things that affect enzymestemp pH salt concentration (salinity) conc of enz27
8029851684EndergonicEndothermic Any process that absorbs energy28
8029855534ExergonicReleases energy29
8029859585Feedback inhibitionProcess in which the product or result stops or limits the process a way to control enzymes product competes w/ the substrate for the active site30
8029867286Allosteric inhibitionThe process in which an enzyme's activity is changed because of binding to the allosteric site.31
8029877581Allosteric activationoccurs when an "activator" binds with the enzyme and increases its turnover rate32
8029880876Enzyme direct competition33
8029880877Enzyme indirect competition34

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