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Biochemistry Flashcards

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7241698085nucleic acidsstore and transmit genetic info.0
7241704790carbohydrates(quick) body main source of energy1
7241707610proteinssource for building muscle2
7241712164lipidssources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes3
7241722621nitrogenelement found in but NOT in carbs or lipids4
7241764836amino acidmonomer of protein5
7241770987nucleotidemonomer of nucleic acids6
7241775154monosaccharidesmonomer of carbohydrates7
7241792911no true monomermonomer of lipids8
7241798422chemistrystudy of matter9
7241808128atomic massneutrons+protons+=10
7241817621energy diagramsillustrate the energy transformation in a chemical reaction11
7241824290activation energyenergy required for a reaction to begin (activate)12
7241829957endothermicenergy is absorbed and feels cool and reactants13
7241835720exothermicenergy is released (exits) and feels hot and reactants>energy14
7241853077enzymespecial proteins (biological catalysts) + increase efficiency of reactions15
7241863652enzymes in reactionspeed up reactions and lower activation energy16
7241874249falsetrue or false: enzymes get used up in a reaction17
7241880409structure and functionthe __________ of an enzyme determines the __________ of an enzyme18
7241885499substratethe substance acted upon by enzyme19
7246601878atombuilding block of matter20
7246624387active siteenzymes are folded in a specific way, forming a pocket called _________21
7246638469properties of waterneutral pH, pH between 6.9 & 7.3, charged poles, dissolve substances, great for bonding22
7246645420cohesionbond with itself23
7246648015adhesionbond with other molecules24
7246649623hydrogen bond25
7246655107heterogeneous mixturea combination of two or more pure substances in which the original substances retain their chemical properties26
7246662870homogeneous mixturemixture has the same uniform appearance and composition throughout (solution)27
7246670753acidturn blue litmus paper red and have a pH of less than 7. Their aqueous solutions have a sour taste28
7246678273basesubstances that, in aqueous solution, are slippery to the touch, taste astringent, change the color of indicators (e.g., turn red litmus paper blue)29
7246685007pHpH is a measure of hydrogen ion concentration30
7246690803macromoleculemade up of many monomers and make up polymers31
7246693257polymera very large, chain-like molecule made up of monomers, which are small molecules32
7246699531organicsubstance containing carbon-based compounds, especially produced by or derived from living organisms33
7246704997electron cloudwhere are electrons located on an atom?34
7246710400carbonessential part of all macromolecules35
7246718645<endothermic: reactants ______ products36
7246723230>exothermic: reactants ______ products37
7246733154H+ ionsacids38
7246734167OH ionsbases39
7246740156water molecules attractwhy does water "dome" on a penny?40
7246749123neutrons + protonsatomic mass=41
7246758388increased energywithout enzyme on chart42
7246764017less energywith enzyme on chart43

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