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biochemistry Flashcards

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7356211423what are the 4 classes of biochemisrtycarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids0
7356216325examples of carbohydratessugar and starches1
7356219131example of lipidsfats, oils and waxes2
73562231902 nucleic acidsRNA and ATP3
7360309283isomerstwo molecules with the same atoms joined together in a different shape.4
7360323772structural isomersisomers that have the same component atoms but arranged differently from each other. (different bonds)5
7360347913geometric or cis-trans isomers (to be near)(opposite)the atoms in each isomer are all connected in the same order, but the shape of the molecule is different.(same bonds different place)6
7360429611Enantiomers isomersmirror images of each other with asymmetrical usually only one is biologically active7
7360581656functional groupschemical groups that affect molecular function by begin directly involved in reactions8
7360588947what are the 7 types of functional groupsHydroxy, Carboxyl, Carbonyl, Amino, Sulfhydryl, Phosphate, and Methyl9
7360604552Hydroxy draw-OH or OH-10
7360624096Hydroxy nameAchohols usually end in ol11
7360633320Hydroxy functionis polar and can form H bonds with water molecules, helping to dissolve organic compounds such as sugar.12
7360646927Carboxyl namecarboxylic acids or organic acids13
7360655192Carboxyl draw14
7360659812Carboxyl functionhas acidic properties in the covalent bonds between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar15
7360679880carbonyl nameKentones if carbonyl group is within carbon skeleton or Aldehydes if the carbonyl group is at the end of the carbon skeleton16
7360706401carbonyl draw17
7360721740carbonyl functionfound in 2 major sugar groups18
7360742244Amino nameamines19
7360745141amino draw20
7360751946amino functionacts as a base, can put up H+ from surrounding solution (water in living organisms)21
7360769009Sulfhydryl namethiois22
7360770429Sulfhydryl draw-SH23
7360781861Sulfhydryl function2 Sulfhydryl groups can form covalent bods which is called cross-linking which help stabilize protein structure, and what causes hair to be curly or straight24
7360799589phosphate nameorganic phosphates25
7360803532phosphate draw26
7360806645phosphate functionhas potential of reacting with water which releases energy27
7360820314methyl namemethylated compounds28
7360826092methyl draw29
7360830537methyl functioneffects expression of genes and arrangement of methyl groups in male and female sex hormones affects their shape and function30
73608609833 characteristics about carbon4 valence electrons, tetrahedron, and if c is double bounded to itself its plane31
7360872127what are the most carbon bound partnersHydrogen, Oxygen, nitrogen, and other carbons32

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