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Biochemistry Flashcards

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7979244398BiochemistryBiological Macromolecules0
7979247382Most Common Elements in Life1. Carbon (C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen (O) 4. Nitrogen (N)1
79792614482 groups of Carbon Molecules1. Monomer 2. Polymer2
7979276235Biological MacromoleculesCarbohydrates: organic compounds there are twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms3
79792880073 types of Carbohydrates1. Monosaccharide: monomers of carbohydrates that six carbon, simple sugars ex: glucose, fructose, galactose 2. Disaccharide: twice carbon double sugars ex: dextrose, lactose 3. Polysaccharide: numerous monosaccharide linked together ex: cellulose, starch, glycogen4
7979324153Primary Funtions of CarbohydratesA. Energy Source B. Energy Storage C. Structural Support: cell walls; connective tissue5
7979334822Lipidsorganic compounds that are nonpolar (uncharged) -insoluble in water6
7979343779Primary Functions of LipidsA. Storing Energy B. Part of the cell membrane (phospholipids) C. Insulation D. Protection7
7979361858ProteinsMacromolecules composed of amino acids8
7979366258Primary Functions of ProteinsA. Catalytic: speed up chemical reactions (enzymes;lactose) B. Regulatory: Hormones; gene expression C. Structural: connective tissue D. Contractile: muscles9
7979393098Nucleic AcidsMacromolecules that store genetic information10
79793980412 types of Nucleic AcidA. Deoxyribonucleic Acid B. Ribonucleic Acid11
7979451815EnzymesCatalytic Proteins-speeds up the rate of chemical reactions -lowering activation energy: energy required for a reaction to occur -3D shape -highly specific -Binds Substrate: reactants in the reaction -DeNaturation: change the 3D shape -loss of function -No Reaction12
7979490015Lock & Key Model13
7979502592DNADeoxyribonucleic Acid14
7988645621RNARibonucleic Acid15
7988676935Active SiteWhere it binds the enzyme and substrate16
7988717021Ends of suagrsose17
7994844701MonomerMonomer: A subunit (building block) of a larger macromolecule18
7994857642PolymerA large molecule of repeating monomers19
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