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Biochemistry Flashcards

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4933102246What is a prokaryote? Examples?No true nucleus. Single loop of DNA. E.g. Bacteria and Archaea0
4933107270What is a eukaryote? Examples?Has nucleus with DNA in non-looped chromosomes. E.g. Plant and animal cells.1
4933136357Gram stain is used for classifying prokaryotes. What does Gram Stain contain?Crystal Violet (purple) and Safranin (Red)2
4933141290What does Crystal Violet do?Reacts with peptidoglycans of cell walls turning them purple (Gram-positive)3
4933145883What does Safranin do?Dyes unreacted cells red (Gram-negative)4
4933178030Atoms in the chemistry of life have single bond strengths that lie in a narrow range. What is this range?214-470 kJ/mol5
4830720513Ketone6
4830723647Amide7
4830735849Ether8
4830738469Amine9
4830780169Methyl10
4830781254Ethyl11
4830784301Phenyl12
4830802233Imidazole13
4830833386Thioester14
4830834739Ester15
4838521102Guanidino16
4838524109Sulfhydryl17
4838524485Disulfide18
4830893619Chiral19
4830894795Achiral20
4830912311Enantiomers21
4830914677DiastereomersDid not reflect on mirror.22
4830938040Stereoisomers23
4831060675Entiomer propertiesSame physical and chemical. But plane-polarized light is rotated opposite.24
4831173360R configurationClockwise and 4 has least protons25
4835288290Phosphoryl group26
4835458480Phosphoanhydride27
4838505026Strength of these weak forces? 1. Van der Waals 2. H-bonds 3. Ionic bonds 4. Hydrophobic1. 0.4 ~ 4.0 kJ/mol 2. ~12 kJ/mol 3. 20 kJ/mol 4. <40 kJ/mol28
4841436219Why are some organic compounds more soluble in certain pH?They have positive or negative charges in certain pH. Amine groups (charged in low pH) or Carboxylic (charged in high pH) are examples. Ref: HW 2 Question 229
4962487977What is 2 important things about spontaneous reactions?1. 0 outside force needed. Graphite turning to diamond. 2. Gibbs Free Energy is lower after reaction (products vs. reactants) 3. Entropy always rises30
4963318089What is the formula for Gibbs Free Energy Change?31

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