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Biochemistry Flashcards

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8397648660Covalent Bond2 non-metals, electrons are shared0
8397655748Ionic BondMetal + Nonmetal, 1+ electron is transferred1
8397664590IonWhen 2 atoms are attracted together due to an unequal number of electrons2
8397672314Hydrogen BondsA weak bond between 2 molecules3
8397686182CohesionAttraction between 2 like things4
8397695155AdhesionAttraction between 2 different things5
8397708636Capillary ActionThe tendency of a liquid to rise or fall due to surface tension6
8397717719HydrophilicCan dissolve in water7
8397721524HydrophobicCan not dissolve in water8
8397729128AcidAn acid is a substance which when dissolved in water, releases protons (hydrogen ion)9
8397740690DissociationAmount of H-ions released compared to the total amount of a compound, this is a measure of the strength of the acid10
8397754982pHThe negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration11
8397764210Important pH EquationspH = -log[H+] pOH = -log[OH-] pH + pOH = 14 [OH-] [H+] + 10^-1412
8397903307BufferA solution of a weak acid and its conjugate base (or vice versa) that resists changes in pH13
8397972608Buffering CapacityThe maximum concentration of Hydrogen ions that a buffered solution can neutralize14
8397979132TitrationMethod for determining the concentration of a solute in a solution15
8397987577CarbohydrateA type of biological molecule that occurs naturally in organisms16
8398005590What atoms form a carbohydrate?Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen17
8398018476MonosaccharideC6 H12 O618
8398037893Name The Kinds of MonosaccharidesGlucose, Fructose, Galactose19
8398057154PolymerMore than 1 monomers work together20
8398061367Dehydration Synthesis ReactionRemoving water (occurs when 2 carbohydrates bond together)21
8398068095DisaccharideC12 H22 O1122
8398088904PolysaccharideChemical formulas vary23
8398098757ProteinOrganic molecules consisting of chains of amino acids bonded together24
8398106599Amino acidsBuilding blocks of proteins (20 common amino acids)25
8400830250Primary Protein26
8400835927Secondary Protein(Refer to image)27
8400840257Tertiary Protein(Refer to image)28
8400846911Quaternary Protein(Refer to image)29
8401654120Roles of proteins1. Enzymes 2. Cellular Defense 3. Cellular Transport 4. Inter/intra cellular structure 5. Motion (Actin) 6. Regulation30
8401670657LipidFats and Oils31
8401759403EnzymeBiological Catalysts (chemicals that affect the rate of a chemical reaction)32
8401767158SubstrateMolecules upon which an enzyme act33
8401777030Active SitePart of the enzyme that fit with the substrate34
8401782372End with the letters "ase"enzymes35
8401787884Enzymes are ______________.proteins36
8401793462Activation energyThe minimum amount of energy that must be present at the start of a reaction (Enzymes lower the activation energy)37
8401818160DenaturedChange in shape38
8401826484When we break down a log of sugar in a short period of time, ___________ is created.heat39

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