Biochemistry Terms
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| 2265031277 | Alcohol |  | 0 | |
| 2265031278 | Aldehyde |  | 1 | |
| 2265031279 | Ketone |  | 2 | |
| 2265031280 | Carboxylic Acid |  | 3 | |
| 2265031281 | Ether |  | 4 | |
| 2265031282 | Acid Anhydride |  | 5 | |
| 2265031283 | Sulfhydryl Group |  | 6 | |
| 2265031284 | Disulfide |  | 7 | |
| 2265031285 | Amino Group |  | 8 | |
| 2265031286 | Quaternary Amine |  | 9 | |
| 2265031287 | Ester |  | 10 | |
| 2265031288 | Thioester |  | 11 | |
| 2265031289 | Phosphoester |  | 12 | |
| 2265031290 | Amide |  | 13 | |
| 2265031291 | Glycerol |  | 14 | |
| 2265031292 | D Configuration |  | 15 | |
| 2265031293 | Steroid |  | 16 | |
| 2265031294 | L Configuration |  | 17 | |
| 2265031295 | Alpha Glycosidic Bond |  | 18 | |
| 2265031296 | Beta Glycosidic Bond |  | 19 | |
| 2265031297 | Monosaccharides | glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose | 20 | |
| 2265031298 | Infant body water | 75% | 21 | |
| 2265031299 | Adult male body water | 60% | 22 | |
| 2265031300 | Adult female body water | 50% | 23 | |
| 2265031301 | Elderly body water | 45% | 24 | |
| 2265031302 | Infant Overhydration | over diluted milk | 25 | |
| 2265031303 | Children Overhydration | punishment | 26 | |
| 2265031304 | Endurance Sport Overhydration | too much water and not enough electrolytes | 27 | |
| 2265031305 | Children Dehydration test | "tenting" of the skin over the right side of the abdomen caused by the pinch of the abdomen caused by the pinch of the examiner's fingers; caused by a loss of at least 5% body water | 28 | |
| 2265031306 | Blood pH | 7.35-7.45 | 29 | |
| 2265031307 | ICF | 7.0-7.4 | 30 | |
| 2265031308 | Liver, heart, and nerve impulses | 6.8-7.8 | 31 | |
| 2265031309 | Urine | 6.5-8.0 | 32 | |
| 2265031310 | WHO definition of health | state of complete physical, mental, & social well-being; not simply the absence of disease | 33 | |
| 2265031311 | Biochemistry definition of health | that situation in which the myriad of intra- & extracellular rxns w/in the body proceed at rates commensurate w/ its maximal survival | 34 | |
| 2265031312 | Saturated | carbon single bonds carbon | 35 | |
| 2265031313 | Unsaturated | carbon double or triple bonds carbon | 36 | |
| 2265031314 | Hyrogen | 1 Valence Electron | 37 | |
| 2265031315 | Oxygen | 2 Valence Electrons | 38 | |
| 2265031316 | Nitrogen | 3 Valence Electrons | 39 | |
| 2265031317 | Sulfur | 2 Valence Electrons | 40 | |
| 2265031318 | Primary Carbons | carbons bonded to one other carbon | 41 | |
| 2265031319 | Secondary Carbons | carbons bonded to two other carbons | 42 | |
| 2265031320 | Tertiary Carbons | carbons bonded to three other carbons | 43 | |
| 2265031321 | Isomer | compounds that have identical molecular formulas but different structures | 44 | |
| 2265031322 | Alkane | saturated hydrocarbons containing only carbon to carbon single bonds | 45 | |
| 2265031323 | Cycloalkanes | ring structures containing two fewer H-atoms that their corresponding alkane | 46 | |
| 2265031324 | Alkene | Unsaturated hydrocarbon containing only carbon to carbon double bonds | 47 | |
| 2265031325 | Alkyne | Unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon to carbon triple bond | 48 | |
| 2265031326 | Aromatics | contain at least one Benzene ring | 49 | |
| 2265031327 | Primary Alcohols | only one carbon attached to the carbon with the hydroxyl functional group | 50 | |
| 2265031328 | Secondary alcohols | two carbons attached to the carbon with the hydroxyl functional group | 51 | |
| 2265031329 | tertiary alcohols | three carbons attached to the carbon with the hydroxyl functional group | 52 | |
| 2265031330 | Epimer | isomer that is different only at one position | 53 | |
| 2265031331 | chrial carbons | carbons bonded to 4 distinctly different molecules | 54 | |
| 2265031332 | Glycogen | polysaccharide; animal form of amylopectin, more branched than amylopectin, form of glucose stored in liver and skeletal muscle | 55 | |
| 2265031333 | Purines | Adenine and Guanine; 5 and 6 member structures | 56 | |
| 2265031334 | Pyrimidine | Cytosine, Uracil, and Thymine; 6 member structures | 57 | |
| 2265031335 | Zwitterion | exists with both cation and anion forms | 58 | |
| 2265031336 | Glycine | neither D nor L because it is a chiral carbon | 59 | |
| 2265031337 | Glycine | found in bends or kinks in protein; known as the helix breaker | 60 | |
| 2265031338 | Pancreas | Both endocrine and exocrine | 61 | |
| 2265031339 | Islets of Langerhans | produce both glucagon and insulin | 62 | |
| 2265031340 | glucagon | produced by alpha cells and use glycogen as energy | 63 | |
| 2265031341 | insulin | produced by beta cells and break down glucose | 64 | |
| 2265031342 | Maple Syrup Urine Disease | branched chain alpha ketoaciduria; burn sugar smell in urine, a thin layer chromotography is requested for the branched chain amaino acid; caused by impaired branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase; when isovalerly dehydrogendase is impaired, isovaleric acid accumulates in blood and urine | 65 | |
| 2265031343 | Branched Chain Amino Acids | Leucine, Isoleucine, Valine | 66 | |
| 2265031344 | Hydolase | uses OH & H to cleave C-O, C-N, and C-S bonds | 67 | |
| 2265031345 | Ligase | cleaves high energy phosphate bonds | 68 | |
| 2265031346 | Isomerase | Rearrages atoms | 69 | |
| 2265031347 | Lyase | result in double bond formation | 70 | |
| 2265031348 | transferase | transfers or moves a functional group to another molecule; glucokinases | 71 | |
| 2265031349 | Kinase | transfer phosphate functional groups | 72 | |
| 2265031350 | acyltransferase | transfer fatty acyl groups | 73 | |
| 2265031351 | Inhibitor | molecules that reduce the catalytic activity of an enzyme | 74 | |
| 2265031352 | Bence-Jones proteins | monoclonia free light chains; plasma cells over produce the light chains and can't bond with the heavy chains; kappa chains are more prevalent than light chains | 75 | |
| 2265031353 | IgE | momer active in allergies and parasitic infections; causes mast cells and basophils to release histamine; fights agains helminths (worms) | 76 | |
| 2265031354 | IgG | monomer that makes up 75-85% of antibodies in plasma; crosses the placental barrier; important for vaccination | 77 | |
| 2265031355 | IgD | momer attached to the surface of B cells, functions as a B cell receptor | 78 | |
| 2265031356 | IgM | pentamer; first antibody released, can't pass the placenta, powerful agglutinating agent | 79 | |
| 2265031357 | IgA | monomer or dimer in mucus and other secretions such as salive; first line of defense against pathogens | 80 | |
| 2265031358 | 7% | normal level of plasma glucose level recommended by the American Diabetes Association | 81 | |
| 2265031359 | 70-105 mg/dl | normal plasma glucose level recommended by the ADA | 82 | |
| 2265031360 | CK-2 (MB) | creatine isoenzyme that is used to test for specific cardiac conditions | 83 | |
| 2265031361 | HbAS | recessive sickle cell train that can lead to sickle cell crisis under high stress and/or malarial drugs | 84 |
