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Biochemistry Flashcards

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7278231893Properties of Waterdensity, universal solvent, cohesion, adhesion, heat capacity, capillary action, polarity high heat of vaporization0
7278260885polar moleculea molecule with one positively charged side and one negatively charged side1
7278270809types of bonds in a water moleculecovalent and hydrogen2
7278277506covalent bondsresult in high cohesion and high surface tension3
7278280072cohesionattraction between two like substances4
7278281458adhesionattraction between two different substances5
7278286548hydrophilicsubstances that dissolve in water6
7278289430hydrophobicsubstances that don't dissolve in water due to the lack of charged poles and non-polarity7
7278295479high heat capacitywater can hold onto heat really well, hard to heat up and cool down8
7278299228solutiondissolved substances9
7278301422suspensionkeep substances separate, and suspended in liquid10
7278305963capillary actionthe tendency of water to rise in a tube11
7278307284heat of vaporizationthe quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for one gram to evaporate12
7278313695biomoleculeswhat food is made of (aka macromolecules)13
7278315569monomerbuilding block of a substance14
7278317730carbohydratesfast source of energy, made of monosaccharides, CHO15
7278436274parts of carbsmonosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides16
7278320861lipidsmade of glycerol and fatty acid, insulation, long term energy, make up cell membranes, too much is unhealthy (aka fats), CHO17
7278326501proteinsmade up of amino acids, muscle development, immune system and enzymes, dan codes = proteins, CHON18
7278433268hair, nails and skinmade of proteins19
7278331676nucleic acidsdna and rna, made of nucleotides, coding of traits, cannot be gotten from food, CHONP20
7278341429macromoleculeslarge molecules21
7278343054simple sugarsinstant energy22
7278344638complex sugarsslightly longer lasting energy23
7278348619saturated fatfat that is solid at room temperature24
7278350829unsaturated fatfat that is liquid at room temperature25
7278352339triglyceridesfats26
7278359867enzymesone task machines made of proteins27
7278363582substratethe raw material an enzyme needs to do its job28
7278365670active sitethe part of the enzyme that touches and manipulates the substrate29
7278370300lock and key modelsubstrate fits into the active site30
7278371909induced fit modelthe substrate causes the active site to change shape slightly to accommodate it31
7278377905enzyme-substrate complexenzyme and substrate are stuck together before the enzyme's active site breaks the bond32
7278386226can reactions occur without a certain enzyme?yes, but it happens too slowly for the cell's needs33
7278392902allosteric sitessites where other molecules can bind to change to enzyme's speed or ability to do its job34
7278395800competitive inhibitora molecule that fits into the active site and slows down the enzyme by blocking the substrate35
7278400929noncompetitive inhibitora molecule that fits into the allosteric site and causes the enzyme to work less efficiently or slower36
7278406142activatora molecule that fits into the allosteric site and allows the enzyme to work faster and more efficiently37
7278413028enzymatic pathwaya series of enzymes that act like an assembly line to complete a task for the cell38
7278419814feedback inhibitionthe end product serves as an inhibitor for the first enzyme in the pathway39
7278425153side productsthe result of splitting substrates in an enzymatic pathway to create the end product40
7278442040are enzymatic pathways affected by temperature?yes, cold = slower, hot = faster41

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