Sapling BIology Ch 2 - Chemistry of Life
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| 7954747892 | matter | anything composed of atoms | 0 | |
| 7954747893 | element | A collection of atoms that all have the same number of protons. | 1 | |
| 7954747894 | compound | A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds |  | 2 |
| 7954747895 | molecule | 2 or more atoms held together by covalent bonds |  | 3 |
| 7954747896 | organic compound | Compounds that contain carbon (except: CO & CO2) | 4 | |
| 7954747897 | carbohydrates | Composed of CHO in 1:2:1 ratio. Main source of energy in your diet |  | 5 |
| 7954747898 | monosaccharide | A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar. |  | 6 |
| 7954747899 | disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. |  | 7 |
| 7954747900 | polysaccharide | Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides |  | 8 |
| 7954747901 | disaccharide examples | sucrose, maltose, lactose | 9 | |
| 7954747902 | monosaccaride examples | glucose, fructose, galactose | 10 | |
| 7954747903 | polysaccharide examples | starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin | 11 | |
| 7954747904 | protein | Amino acids joined by peptide bonds which make up structures and carry out functions of an organism. CHONS | 12 | |
| 7954747905 | amino acid | Building blocks (monomers) of protein |  | 13 |
| 7954747906 | dipeptide | A combination of two amino acids united by means of a peptide bond. |  | 14 |
| 7954747907 | polypeptide | A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. |  | 15 |
| 7954747908 | nucleic acids | C, H, O, N, P - contain genetic information | 16 | |
| 7954747909 | nucleotide | A monomer of nucleic acid formed from a simple sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. |  | 17 |
| 7954747910 | Lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of CHO | 18 | |
| 7954747911 | chemical reaction | A change in which one or more substances are converted into new substances | 19 | |
| 7954747912 | reactant | A starting material in a chemical reaction | 20 | |
| 7954747913 | product | An ending material in a chemical reaction. | 21 | |
| 7954747914 | dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |  | 22 |
| 7954747915 | hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water |  | 23 |
| 7954747916 | catalyst | a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected | 24 | |
| 7954747917 | enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing (a biological catalyst) |  | 25 |
| 7954747918 | substrate | A substance on which an enzyme acts during a chemical reaction. | | 26 |
| 7954747919 | active site | The site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate |  | 27 |
| 7954747920 | atom | The basic building block of all matter |  | 28 |
| 7954747921 | acid | 0-6.9 on the pH scale | 29 | |
| 7954747922 | base | 7.1-14 on the pH scale | 30 | |
| 7954747923 | pH | percent Hydrogen - shows amount of acid or base in a fluid |  | 31 |
| 7954747924 | neutral | 7 on the pH scale | 32 | |
| 7954747925 | inorganic | lacks the combination of both C and H | 33 | |
| 7954747926 | simple sugar | another term for monosaccharide or glucose |  | 34 |
| 7954747927 | starch | a large chain of sugars stored in plants |  | 35 |
| 7954747928 | cellulose | a large sugar that makes up the cell wall |  | 36 |
| 7954747929 | glycogen | a large sugar stored in the liver of animals |  | 37 |
| 7954747930 | DNA | a type of nucleic acid that contains genes |  | 38 |
| 7954747931 | RNA | a type of nucleic acid that builds protein |  | 39 |
| 7954747932 | denature | enzymes losing their shape under high temperatures |  | 40 |
