AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7821852165Covalent BondCovalent bond forms when two atoms share one or more pairs of outer shell electrons A covalent bond forms when atoms share electrons in order to satisfy the octet rule0
7821948415Ionic BondIonic bonds are transferring electrons (one atom gives up its electrons to complete another atom's outer ring)1
7821963944Hydrogen BondWeakest bond, bond between two hydrogen molecules2
7821993726Polar Covalent BondsPolar molecules have unequal sharing of electrons among atoms3
7821993727Non-Polar Covalent BondsNon-polar covalent bonds have equal sharing of electrons4
7822068950Four Life Supporting Properties of Watercohesion/adhesion, high heat of evaporation, ice floats, and the solvent versatility5
7822107365Bonding Properties of CarbonCarbon shares electrons with other atoms to complete its outer shell and can make four branching covalent bonds, allowing it to bond continuously with almost any other atom6
7822123010Four Main Classes of Biological Moleculescarbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids7
7822130163Macromoleculeslarge/long molecules8
7823442021Dehydration ReactionA dehydration reaction is a chemical reaction that removes a molecule of water to bond molecules9
7823480967HydrolysisHydrolysis is when polymers are broken down to monomers Hydrolysis means to break with water10
7823489544MonosaccharidesMonosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrates, they cannot be broken down into smaller sugars (glucose and fructose)11
7823492847DisaccharidesDisaccharide is constructed from two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction Examples of disaccharides are lactose, maltose, and sucrose12
7823502750PolysaccharidesPolysaccharides (3+) are long chains of sugar units and are polymers of monosaccharides Linked together by dehydration reactions Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are polysaccharides that store sugar for later use (we cannot digest cellulose)13
7823507649LipidsLipids are a naturally occurring chemical compound that cannot dissolve in water (only comes from plants and animals14
7823521797Unsaturated FatsIf there is at least one carbon carbon double bond in a fatty acid it is unsaturated, Tend to be liquid at room temperature, healthy fats, lowers LDL's Nuts, Vegetable oil, fish15
7823530594Saturated FatsIf each carbon atom in a lipid's fatty acid chains is joined to another carbon atom by a single bond =saturated contain the maximum possible amount of hydrogen molecules Tend to be solid at room temperature Raise LDL's (could cause blood clots and arteriosclerosis)16
7823543080SteroidsLipids with a fused ring structure Cholesterol and hormones such as testosterone and estrogen17
7823546756Anabolic SteroidsAnabolic steroids are synthetic variants of testosterone, pose health risks "Roid rage" Depression Liver damage High blood pressure Shrunken testicles, reduced sex drive, infertility In females, male characteristics18
7823560571Amino AcidsMonomers of protein (20 different amino acids that combine to make proteins)19
7823578352Dehydration SynthesisCells link amino acids together20
7823581266Peptide BondsThe bonds between amino acid monomers21
7826954801DNA and RNAThe blueprints of the body22
7826958777Nucleic Acid MonomersNucleotides23
7826962246Nucleic AcidsInstructions for making proteins24
7827049769DenaturationA protein uncoiling25
7827052359RenaturationA protein recoiling26
7827062699High Quality ProteinsMilk, eggs, cheese27
7827242295Composition of a Nucleotidephosphate group, a nitrogen-containing base, and a five-carbon sugar28
7827808589HydrophobicSeparates from water, water fearing29
7827815007HydrophilicWater loving30

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!