Review these flash cards to get a better understanding of Biochemistry
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| 2781060432 | Organic compounds | *contain the element carbon *most also contain hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen | 0 | |
| 2781060433 | Inorganic compounds | *every compound that is not an organic compound *usually don't contain carbon examples: H2O NaCl | 1 | |
| 2781060434 | cohesion | force of attraction between molecules of the same substance example - a water molecule and a water molecule | 2 | |
| 2781060435 | Adhesion | force of attraction between molecules of different substances example - a water molecule and glass | 3 | |
| 2781060436 | 4 organic compounds | 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic Acids | 4 | |
| 2781060437 | Carbohydrates | Name ends with: -ose Contain the elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen What is their function? contain energy | 5 | |
| 2781060438 | Monosaccharides | Also called simple sugars Chemical formula: C6H12O6 Example: glucose, fructose, galactose | 6 | |
| 2781060439 | Benedict's solution | *Chemical used to test for the presence of a monosaccharide/simple sugar *This solution is blue and changes to yelloworangered with a positive test (depends on concentration) | 7 | |
| 2781060440 | Disaccharides | *Made by joining 2 simple sugars *Examples: maltose, sucrose, lactose *Formed by the process of dehydration synthesis | 8 | |
| 2781060441 | Dehydration synthesis | The equation for this process is: glucose + glucose --------> maltose + water | 9 | |
| 2781060442 | hydrolysis | The equation for this process is: maltose + water----------> glucose + glucose | 10 | |
| 2781060443 | Foods that contain monosaccharides and disaccharides | Candy Fruit Cookies Juices Pop | 11 | |
| 2781060444 | Polysaccharides | *Several simple sugars joined together *Examples: starch, cellulose, glycogen *Formed by the process of dehydration synthesis *Broken down by the process of hydrolysis | 12 | |
| 2781060445 | iodine | *Chemical used to test for the presence of a polysaccharide *This solution is rust/amber and changes to purple (blue-black) with a positive test | 13 | |
| 2781060446 | Foods that contain polysaccharides | Bread Rice Cereal Potatoes Pasta | 14 | |
| 2781060447 | Lipids | *This category includes fats, oils, waxes, cholesterol *Contain the elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen *Made of 2 building blocks: fatty acids and glycerol *What is their function? 1.source of stored energy 2. cushioning 3. warmth 4. component of cell membranes | 15 | |
| 2781060448 | Rub food on a brown paper bag | *Chemical used to test for the presence of a lipid *You would see a a translucent spot | 16 | |
| 2781060449 | 2 types of lipids | *Saturated- considered "bad" fats Usually found in the form of a solid *Unsaturated- consider "good" fats Usually found in the form of a liquid. | 17 | |
| 2781060450 | Unsaturated fats | Fish (Omega-3 fatty acids) Vegetable Oils Nuts Sunflower seeds | 18 | |
| 2781060451 | Saturated fats | Donuts Ice Cream French Fries Chicken Wings Butter Cheese Any fried foods | 19 | |
| 2781060452 | Proteins | *Contain the elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur *composed of amino acids | 20 | |
| 2781060453 | peptide bond | bond between amino acids is | 21 | |
| 2781060454 | dipeptide | Two amino acids bonded together | 22 | |
| 2781060455 | polypeptide | Three or more amino acids bonded together | 23 | |
| 2781060456 | biuret solution biuret solution | protein indicator, light blue in color, changes to violet or pink with a postive test | 24 | |
| 2781060457 | Foods that contain protein | Chicken Eggs Red Meat Turkey Nuts Beans | 25 | |
| 2781060458 | Nucleic Acids | *2 Types: DNA and RNA *Contain the elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus * Hereditary material is passed on through DNA | 26 | |
| 2781060459 | nucleotides | *Building block of nucleic acids *Subunit composed of: sugar nitrogenous base phosphate group | 27 | |
| 2781060460 | DNA | * Shape: double helix * Name of sugar: deoxyribose * Nitrogenous bases: A, T, G, C * Function: provides hereditary info to produce enzymes for activities | 28 | |
| 2781060461 | RNA | *Shape: single strand *Name of sugar: ribose *Nitrogenous bases: A, U, G, C *Function: carry message from nucleus to ribosome | 29 |
