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Biochemistry Flashcards

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14649143380Elementbasic buliding block of physical matter. Cannot be broken down to a simpler structure0
14649147118atomthe smallest unit of a element1
14649147853Compounda chemical substance composed of two or more atoms of elements2
14649147854Moleculethe smallest unit compound3
14649150074pH scalethe scale that is used to identify acids and bases (ranges from 0-14), acids are below 7, bases are above 7, neutral is equal 74
14649150627Polymera substance made of "many parts"5
14649150628organic compoundgrouping of element that always includes carbon. Essential of life's cellular processes6
14649170737Carbohydratesorganic compound used for long term energy source for life. Contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (sugar and strarches)7
14649179450lipidorganic compound for long term energy storage and makes up cell membranes. Contains carbon hydrogen oxygen ( fat oil wax)8
14649190192proteinorganic compound used for growth and repair and includes the enyme group. Contain carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen9
14649204784nucleic acidsorganic compound also know as DNA and RNA that code for all genetic information essential to life> Contain hydrogen oxygen nitrogen carbo and phosphorous10
14649212917Nucleotidemonomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base11
14649213920amino acidsmonomers of proteins, includes a variable side chain which makes each one unique12
14649218121CelluloseRigid carbohydrate that is found in the cell wall of plant cells13
14649219237Insulinprotein hormone released by the pancreas to blood glucose14
14649225765Hemoglobinprotein in the red blood cells containing iron is responsible for circulating oxygen int the blood stream15
14649233844Enzymea type of protein that breaks compounds down and speed up reactions16
14649241044Substratethe molecule to which an enzyme binds and act upon (puzzle pieces)17
14649245237active siteSite on an enzyme that binds to the substrate and triggers a chemical reaction, also determines the type of substrate to be acted upon18
14649246919activation energyThe necessary energy to start a chemical reaction19

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