Full Barron's Biochemistry study guide (quiz, September 24th, 2012)
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| 5253873350 | Carbohydrates | Organic molecules with a ratio 1C:2H:1O Supply quick energy or storage of sugar or structure | 0 | |
| 5253873351 | Monosaccharide | Have chemical formula of C6H12O6. Examples: glucose, galactose, fructose. Energy | 1 | |
| 5253873352 | Disaccharides | Consist of 2 monosaccharides joined by a process known as condensation | 2 | |
| 5253873353 | Polysaccharides | Macromolecules. Chains of two or more monosaccharides. | 3 | |
| 5253873354 | Dehydration Synthesis or Condensation | The joining of 2 monomers to form a larger molecule by removal of water | 4 | |
| 5253873355 | Chitin | Polysaccharides that make up the exoskeleton of arthropods and cell walls in mushrooms. | 5 | |
| 5253873356 | Amino Acids | The building blocks of Proteins. | 6 | |
| 5253873357 | Enzymes | Very big proteins, reduce the amount of energy for a chemical reaction, act as biological catalysts | 7 | |
| 5253873363 | Temperature and pH | The factors that affect the efficiency of an enzyme. | 8 | |
| 5253873364 | 37 degrees Celsius | The point at which the efficiency of enzymes in the human body is at the highest. | 9 | |
| 5253873365 | pH | The measure of the acidity and alkalinity (basic) of a solution. | 10 | |
| 5253873369 | Nucleic Acids | Inside the nucleus of the cells. Store and transmit hereditary information. Types include DNA and RNA. | 11 | |
| 5253873370 | DNA | Deoxyribonucleic Acid. Double stranded chain. Deoxygenated (deoxyribose) 5 carbon sugar. Blueprint of life and proteins needed for a cell | 12 | |
| 5253873371 | RNA | Ribonucleic Acid. Single stranded chain. Oxygenated (ribose), 5 carbon sugar. Protein Synthesis | 13 | |
| 5253873372 | Nucleotides | Building units (monomers) of nucleic acids. Each ____ is composed of 5 carbon sugar, Phosphate, and a Nitrogenous base. | 14 | |
| 5253873373 | Nitrogenous bases in DNA | Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine. (ACGT) | 15 | |
| 5253873374 | Nitrogenous bases in RNA | Adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. (ACGU) | 16 | |
| 5254011909 | organic | Carbon-containing, from the bodies of living things | 17 | |
| 5254015534 | Macromolecules | A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules | 18 | |
| 5254015535 | monomer | A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers | 19 | |
| 5254017373 | polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. | 20 | |
| 5254019419 | hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules by the chemical addition of water | 21 | |
| 5254022434 | ATP | (adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work | 22 | |
| 5254024947 | starch | A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose. | 23 | |
| 5254027152 | glycogen | A form of stored glucose; primarily found in skeletal muscle and the liver or animal cells | 24 | |
| 5254029033 | cellulose | polysaccharide component of plant cell walls. | 25 | |
| 5254034002 | sucrose | glucose and fructose table sugar | 26 | |
| 5254036265 | lactose | glucose + galactose milk sugar | 27 | |
| 5254042343 | proteins | Chains of amino acids, polypeptides enzyme - control chemical reactions structures of cell - cytoskeleton | 28 | |
| 5254053994 | denature | A change in the shape of a protein (such as an enzyme) that can be caused by changes in temperature or pH (among other things). | 29 | |
| 5254056733 | optimal | best | 30 | |
| 5254058463 | lipids | Energy-rich organic compounds (storage), such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. | 31 | |
| 5254060360 | triglycerides | Composed of three molecules of fatty acids joined to one molecule of glycerol Fats and Oils | 32 | |
| 5254066328 | phospholipids | A lipid made up of a glyerol joined to two fatty acids and a phosphate group; has two hydrophobic tails and a polar, hydrophilic head, makes up the cell membrane | 33 | |
| 5254070668 | waxes | A type of lipid molecule consisting of one fatty acid linked to an alcohol; functions as a waterproof coating on many biological surfaces such as apples and other fruits. | 34 | |
| 5254072865 | Steroids | A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached. Hormones, cholesterol | 35 | |
| 5254085758 | isomers | Compounds with the same formula but different structures. | 36 | |
| 5254097164 | fatty acid | Building Blocks of Lipids chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms unsaturated or saturated | 37 |
