Terms : Hide Images
| 6989037524 | Hydroxyl |  | 0 | |
| 6989040113 | Carbonyl |  | 1 | |
| 6989040616 | Carboxyl |  | 2 | |
| 6989041092 | Amino |  | 3 | |
| 6989041923 | Phosphate |  | 4 | |
| 6989043171 | Methyl |  | 5 | |
| 6989043731 | Hydrophillic | Attracted to water | 6 | |
| 6989044469 | Hydrophobic | Repelled by water | 7 | |
| 6989045059 | Macromolecule | A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a dehydration reaction: a protein, carbohydrate, or nucleic acid | 8 | |
| 6989049231 | Monomer | The subunit that serves as a building block of a polymer | 9 | |
| 6989053485 | Polymer | A large molecule consisting of many identical or similar monomers linked together by covalent bonds | 10 | |
| 6989057322 | Dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules become covalently bonded to each other with the removal of a water molecule | 11 | |
| 6989095658 | Hydrolysis | A chemical reaction that breaks bonds between two molecules by the addition of water; process by which polymers are broken down and an essential part of digestion | 12 | |
| 6989098979 | Carbohydrate | Member of the class of biological molecules consisting of single-monomer sugars (monosaccharides), two monomer sugars (disaccharides), and polymers (polysaccharides) | 13 | |
| 6989104458 | -ose | suffix for sugars e.g. glucose | 14 | |
| 6989105879 | Starch | A storage polysaccharide in plants; a polymer of glucose | 15 | |
| 6989110276 | Sugar | Glucose | 16 | |
| 6989120924 | Glycogen | An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in liver and muscle cells; animal equivalent of starch | 17 | |
| 6989122852 | Cellulose | A structural polysaccharide of plant cell walls compose of glucose monomers. Cellulose molecules are linked by hydrogen bonds into cable-like fibrils | 18 | |
| 6989123290 | Chitin | A structural polysaccharide found in many fungal cell walls and in the exoskeleton of arthropods | 19 | |
| 6989129582 | Lipids | Organic compounds consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked by nonpolar bonds, making the compound mostly hydrophobic. Lipids include fats, phospholipids, and steroids and are insoluble in water | 20 | |
| 6989134730 | Fat | A lipid composed of three fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule; a triglyceride. Most fats function as energy storage molecules | 21 | |
| 6989139525 | Saturated fatty acid | A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds and the maximum number of hydrogen atoms are attached to the carbon skeleton. Saturated fats and fatty acids solidify at room temperature | 22 | |
| 6989147192 | Unsaturated fatty acid | A fatty acid that has one or more double bonds between carbons in the hydrocarbon tail and thus lacks the maximum number of hydrogen atoms. Unsaturated fats and fatty acids do not solidify at room temperature. | 23 | |
| 6989149645 | Phospholipid | A lipid made up of glycerol joined to two fatty acids and a phosphate group, giving the molecule two nonpolar hydrophobic tails and a polar hydrophillic head. Phospholipids form bilayers that function as biological membranes | 24 | |
| 6989162311 | Steroid | A type of lipid whose carbon skeleton is in the form of four fused rings with various chemical groups attached. | 25 | |
| 6989166074 | Anabolic steroid | A synthetic variant of the male hormone testosterone that mimics some of its effects | 26 | |
| 6989168415 | Proteins | Functional biological molecules consisting of one of more polypeptides folded into a specific three dimensional structure | 27 | |
| 6989170921 | Amino acids | Organic molecules containing a carboxyl group and an amino group; serves as the monomer of proteins | 28 | |
| 6989189833 | Peptide bond | The covalent bond between two amino acid unites in a polypeptide, formed by a dehydration reaction` | 29 | |
| 6989433479 | Polypeptide | A chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds | 30 | |
| 6989469822 | Enzyme | A macromolecule, usually a protein, that serves as a biological catalyst, changing the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed by the reaction | 31 | |
| 6989478771 | Substrate | A specific substance (reactant) on which an enzyme acts | 32 | |
| 6989483687 | Active site | The part of an enzyme where a substance molecule attaches; typically, a pocket or groove in the enzyme's surface | 33 | |
| 6989498321 | Induced fit | The change in shape of the active site of an enzyme, caused by entry of the substrate so that it binds the substrate snugly | 34 | |
| 6989507690 | Activation energy | The required amount of energy that reactants must absorb before a chemical reaction can start | 35 | |
| 6989509230 | -ase | The suffix for enzymes e.g. lactase | 36 | |
| 6989510852 | Denaturation | A process in which a protein unravels, losing its specific structure and hence function | 37 | |
| 6989598839 | Protein structure | Four protein structures: Primary Secondary Tertiary Quarternary | 38 | |
| 6989603984 | Nucleic acid | A polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and, through the actions of proteins, for all cellular structures and activities. Two types: DNA and RNA | 39 | |
| 6989624228 | DNA | A double-stranded helical nucleic acid molecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with deoxyribose sugar and nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, T). Capable of replicating, and is an organism's genetic material | 40 | |
| 6989648285 | RNA | A type of nucleic acid with nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases (A, C, G, U). Single stranded, functions in protein synthesis, gene regulation, and as the genome of some viruses. | 41 | |
| 6989653399 | Nucleotides | A building block of nucleic acids, consisting of a 5 carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and one or more phosphate groups | 42 |
