Terms : Hide Images
| 8362227284 | carbohydrate | "Compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the approximate ratio of C:2H:O (e.g., sugars, starches, and cellulose)" |  | 0 |
| 8362227285 | pH | a measure of how acidic/basic water is. The range goes from 0 - 14, with 7 being neutral. pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity, whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base. pH is really a measure of the relative amount of free hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in the water. |  | 1 |
| 8362227286 | compound | A pure substance made of two or more elements CHEMICALLY combined. |  | 2 |
| 8362227287 | molecule | A neutral group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds; smallest unit of a compound joined together |  | 3 |
| 8362227288 | cell | Basic unit of life |  | 4 |
| 8362227289 | calorie | Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree C'; A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food |  | 5 |
| 8362227290 | energy | Ability to do work or cause change |  | 6 |
| 8362227291 | element | A pure substance made of only one kind of atom |  | 7 |
| 8362227292 | phosphate bond | a high-energy chemical bond that is especially important between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups in an ATP molecule |  | 8 |
| 8362227293 | starch | A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose. |  | 9 |
| 8362227294 | organic | Carbon-containing |  | 10 |
| 8362227295 | inorganic | Does not contain carbon; Not formed from living things or the remains of living things |  | 11 |
| 8362227296 | synthesis | Combining of small molecules or substances into larger, more complex ones; A+B=AB |  | 12 |
| 8362227297 | protein | A macromolecule that contains the principal components of organisms: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; performs a variety of structural and regulatory functions for cells. |  | 13 |
| 8362227298 | energy storage | carbohydrates and lipids |  | 14 |
| 8362227299 | structural support | 15 | ||
| 8362227300 | dehydration reaction | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |  | 16 |
| 8362227301 | biological molecule | chemical compounds that provide physical structure and bring about movement, energy use, and other cellular functions in a living organism |  | 17 |
| 8362227302 | active site | Region of an enzyme into which a particular substrate fits. |  | 18 |
| 8362227303 | activation energy | the minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction |  | 19 |
| 8362227304 | saturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have no double bonds between carbon atoms; A fat that is solid at room temperature and found in animal fats, lards, and dairy products. |  | 20 |
| 8362227305 | unsaturated fat | A lipid made from fatty acids that have at least one double bond between carbon atoms; A fat that is liquid at room temperature and found in vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds. |  | 21 |
| 8362227306 | fatty acid | Building Blocks of Lipids; substances produced when fats are digested; simple forms of fat that supply energy fuel for most of the body's cells; unbranched carbon chains that make up most lipids |  | 22 |
| 8362227307 | steroids | A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached. |  | 23 |
| 8362227308 | exothermic reaction | A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat |  | 24 |
| 8362227309 | endothermic reaction | A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat |  | 25 |
| 8362227310 | fructase | -ase suffix Most enzymes end in "-ase" suffix, but not all enzymes. Some enzymes were named prior to the adoption of this process; "ose" turns to "ase" after decomposition reactions; structural -- what gives a macromolecule its shape [chitin] |  | 26 |
| 8362227311 | "ose" | used in biochemistry to form the names of sugars |  | 27 |
| 8362227312 | chemical structure | The way atoms in a compound are bonded it represents the structure of a compound. |  | 28 |
| 8362227313 | covalent bond | A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule |  | 29 |
| 8362227314 | ionic bond | Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |  | 30 |
| 8362227315 | polar molecule | Molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end | | 31 |
| 8362227316 | hydrogen bond | A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. |  | 32 |
| 8362227317 | biochemical | The changing of organic matter into other chemical forms such as fuels. |  | 33 |
| 8362227318 | macromolecule | A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules; a molecule containing a very large number of atoms, such as a protein, nucleic acid, or synthetic polymer. |  | 34 |
| 8362227319 | catalyst | (chemistry) a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected |  | 35 |
| 8362227320 | enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |  | 36 |
| 8362227321 | substrate | A specific reactant acted upon by an enzyme; reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction |  | 37 |
| 8362227322 | polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. |  | 38 |
| 8362227323 | monomer | small chemical unit that makes up a polymer | | 39 |
| 8362227324 | polysaccharide | A polymer of thousands of simple sugars formed by dehydration synthesis; Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides |  | 40 |
| 8362227325 | disaccharide | A double sugar molecule made of two monosaccharides bonded together through dehydration synthesis. |  | 41 |
| 8362227326 | monosacchride | single sugar molecule |  | 42 |
| 8362227327 | fructose | A monosaccharide found predominantly in fruit and honey |  | 43 |
| 8362227328 | cellulose | A large polysaccharide composed of many glucose monomers linked into cable-like fibrils that provide structural support in plant cell walls. |  | 44 |
| 8362227329 | lipid | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |  | 45 |
| 8362227330 | nucleotide | A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |  | 46 |
| 8362227331 | amino acid | Building blocks of protein |  | 47 |
| 8362227332 | nucleic acid | (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotid chains that are vital constituents of all living cells |  | 48 |
| 8362227333 | peptide | The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid |  | 49 |
| 8362227334 | triglyceride | Composed of three molecules of fatty acids joined to one molecule of glycerol |  | 50 |
| 8362227335 | dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |  | 51 |
| 8362227336 | glycerol | A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils. |  | 52 |
| 8362227337 | phospholipid | A molecule that is a constituent of the inner bilayer of biological membranes, having a polar, hydrophilic head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic tail. |  | 53 |
| 8362227338 | maltose | a 12-carbon sugar that is formed by the union of two glucose units (a disaccharide) |  | 54 |
| 8362227339 | cyclic | occurring in cycles; regularly repeated |  | 55 |
| 8362227340 | chitin | a fibrous substance consisting of polysaccharides |  | 56 |
| 8362227341 | hydrolysis | A chemical reaction that breaks bonds between two molecules by the addition of water; functions in disassembly of polymers to monomers. |  | 57 |
| 8362227342 | sucrose | A disaccharide made of glucose + fructose; Table sugar |  | 58 |
| 8362227343 | glycogen | A highly branched polymer of glucose containing thousands of subunits; functions as a compact store of glucose molecules in liver and muscle fibers | | 59 |
| 8362227344 | hexoses | carbohydrates with six carbon atoms |  | 60 |
| 8362227345 | enzyme activity | the ability of an enzyme to do work and is mainly dependent on substrate concentration |  | 61 |
| 8362227346 | enzyme substrate complex | A temporary complex formed when an enzyme binds to its substrate molecule(s). |  | 62 |
| 8362227347 | polymerization | An organic reaction in which many small units are joined together to form a long chain |  | 63 |
