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Biology: Chapter 1 - Biology in the 21st Century Flashcards

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2721290625biosphereall organisms and the part of Earth where they exist.0
2721290626biodiversityvariety of life within an area.1
2721290627speciesa group of organisms so similar to one another that they can breed and produce fertile offspring.2
2721291085biologyscientific study of all forms of life.3
2721291545organismany individual living thing.4
2721291546cellbasic unit of life.5
2721291707metabolismall chemical processes that synthesize or break down materials within an organism.6
2721291708DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid) molecule that stores genetic information in all organisms.7
2721291709systemchanging, organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole.8
2721292157ecosystemcollection of organisms and nonliving things, such as climate, soil, water, and rocks, in an area.9
2721292158homeostasisregulation and maintenance of constant internal conditions in an organism.10
2721292266evolutionchange in a species over time; process of biological change by which descendents come to differ from their ancestors.11
2721292267adaptationinherited trait that is selected for over time because it allows organisms to better survive in their environment.12
2721292614observationusing the senses to study the world; using tools to collect measurements; examining previous research results.13
2721292615dataobservations and measurements recorded during an experiment.14
2721292616hypothesisproposed explanation or answer to a scientific question.15
2721293379experimentprocess that tests a hypothesis by collecting information under controlled conditions.16
2721293380independent variablecondition or factor that is manipulated by a scientist during an experiment.17
2721293565dependent variableexperimental data collected through observation and measurement.18
2721293566constantcondition that is controlled so that it does not change during an experiment.19
2721293567theoryproposed explanation for a wide variety of observations and experimental results.20
2721293845microscopetool that provides an enlarged image of an object.21
2721293846genespecific region of DNA that codes for a particular protein.22
2721293996molecular geneticsstudy of DNA structure and function on the molecular level.23
2721293997genomicsstudy and comparison of genomes within a single species or among different species.24
2721293998biotechnologyuse and application of living things and biological processes.25
2721294519transgenicorganism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species.26

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