Terms : Hide Images
| 10760709876 | Atom | The basic unit of an element that retains the properties of the element. |  | 0 |
| 10760709877 | Proton | Positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom; equal to the number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom. |  | 1 |
| 10760709878 | Neutron | A neutrally charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom. |  | 2 |
| 10760709879 | Electron | A negatively charged subatomic particle found orbiting the nucleus of an atom; equal to the number of protons in an electrically neutral atom. | | 3 |
| 10760709880 | atomic mass | consists of the weight of protons and neutrons together |  | 4 |
| 10760709881 | Atomic Nucleus | The portion of an atom which contains protons and neutrons. |  | 5 |
| 10760709882 | Orbital | The volume of space an electron occupies. |  | 6 |
| 10760709883 | Energy Shells | Represent the state of potential energy of an electron. Those closer to the nucleus have the least amount of energy. |  | 7 |
| 10760709884 | Valence Shell | The outermost shell of an atom which controls the bonding of the atom |  | 8 |
| 10760709885 | Valence electrons | Electrons in the valence, or outermost, energy shell of an atom, which have the most potential energy and which can form bonds with other atoms. |  | 9 |
| 10760709886 | Isotopes | Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |  | 10 |
| 10760709887 | Chemical bonds are | Attractions between atoms resulting from a sharing of valence electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain complete valence shells. |  | 11 |
| 10760709888 | Covalent Bond | The sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms. |  | 12 |
| 10760709889 | Molecule | Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. |  | 13 |
| 10760709890 | Single Bond | One pair of shared electrons. Example: hydrogen. |  | 14 |
| 10760709891 | Double Bond | Two pairs of shared electrons. Example: Oxygen has 6 electrons in its valence shell, which can hold 8. Each atom shares 2 electrons for a total of 4. | 15 | |
| 10760709892 | Valence | An atom's bonding capacity, or the number of covalent bonds the atom can form to give the atom a full complement of electrons in the valence shell. Usually equals the number of unpaired electrons required to complete the valence shell. |  | 16 |
| 10760709893 | Electronegativity | The attraction of a particular atom for the electrons of a covalent bond. Atoms in a molecule attract shared bonding electrons to varying degrees. This degree is _________. |  | 17 |
| 10760709894 | Nonpolar Covalent Bond | A covalent bond between 2 atoms of the same element in which the electrons are shared equally because the two atoms have the same electronegativity. |  | 18 |
| 10760709895 | Polar Covalent Bond | a type of covalent bond where a pair of electrons is unequally shared between two atoms. example: water |  | 19 |
| 10760709896 | Ionic Bonds | Bonds between two atoms where one atom strips an electron completely away from its partner. |  | 20 |
| 10760709897 | Ion | One of two charged atoms resulting from an ionic bond. |  | 21 |
| 10760709898 | Cation | A positively charged ion |  | 22 |
| 10760709899 | Anion | A negatively charged ion |  | 23 |
| 10760709900 | Ionic compounds | Compounds formed by ionic bonds. |  | 24 |
| 10760709901 | Stable or Inert Atom | An atom with a full valence shell |  | 25 |
| 10760709902 | Hydrogen Bonds | Relatively weak bonds formed due to the mutual attraction of two electronegative atoms to hydrogen. |  | 26 |
| 10760709903 | Compound | A substance consisting of two or more elements in a fixed ratio. |  | 27 |
| 10760709904 | Element | A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions. |  | 28 |
| 10760709906 | Radioactive Isotopes | An unstable isotope with a nucleus that decays spontaneously, emitting particles and energy. Used in fossil dating (Carbon-14 or 14C) |  | 29 |
| 10760709907 | Two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond consistute a _________. | Molecule |  | 30 |
| 10760709909 | Structural Formula | Uses bond symbols to show shared electrons between atoms. |  | 31 |
| 10760709910 | Molecular Formula | A formula showing the type of element and number of atoms only. |  | 32 |
| 10760709911 | van der Waals interactions | Weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from transient local partial charges. |  | 33 |
| 10760709912 | Chemical Reactions | The making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter. |  | 34 |
| 10760709913 | Reactants | The starting materials in a chemical reaction. |  | 35 |
| 10760709914 | Products | The ending materials in a chemical reaction. |  | 36 |
| 10760709915 | Chemical Equilibrium | The point at which chemical reactions offset one another and the forward and reverse reaction rates are equal. |  | 37 |
| 10888543697 | C, H, O, N | The elements make up 96% of living organisms | 38 | |
| 10888560640 | sulfur | Which element is found in animals, but not in plants? |  | 39 |
| 10888569566 | Carbohydrates | the starches and sugars present in foods |  | 40 |
| 10888573298 | lipids | Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. |  | 41 |
| 10888577507 | protein | a macro-molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair | 42 | |
| 10888587283 | nucleic acids | building blocks of DNA and RNA |  | 43 |
| 10888599667 | monomer | A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers |  | 44 |
| 10888613060 | made of hydrocarbons | What does organic mean in biology? |  | 45 |
| 10888624619 | amino acids | building blocks of proteins | 46 | |
| 10888629438 | Monosaccharides | simple sugars, they are the building blocks of carbohydrates |  | 47 |
| 10888640385 | Nucleotide | The building block of a nucleic acid | 48 | |
| 10888753014 | cohesion of water molecules | During our lab, what forces caused the paperclip to float on water? | 49 | |
| 10888774141 | adhesion | An attraction between molecules of different substances |  | 50 |
| 10888794243 | Hydrogen bonds are | What property of water causes it to be cohesive? | 51 | |
| 10891837403 | Mixture | A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined |  | 52 |
| 10891858349 | Suspension | A mixture in which particles can be seen and easily separated by settling or filtration example: blood |  | 53 |
| 10891870409 | pH scale | scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 7 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a pH of 7 to 14 is basic | 54 | |
| 10891878585 | A base has a pH ... | pH greater than 7 example: Baking soda |  | 55 |
| 10891901219 | An acid is a substance that _____. | increases the hydrogen ion concentration of an aqueous solution pH less than 7 |  | 56 |
| 10891918585 | Buffer | A solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution. |  | 57 |
| 10891929179 | Polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together. |  | 58 |
| 10891946062 | amino acid | Building blocks of protein |  | 59 |
| 10892017481 | chemical reaction | the process by which one or more substances change to produce one or more different substances |  | 60 |
| 10892023804 | Reactant | A chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction | | 61 |
| 10892031820 | product | a substance that forms in a chemical reaction | | 62 |
| 10892041258 | activation energy | Energy needed to get a reaction started |  | 63 |
| 10892046337 | catalyst | substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |  | 64 |
| 10892052042 | Enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing |  | 65 |
| 10892057962 | Substrate | The reactant on which an enzyme works. |  | 66 |
| 10892073198 | endothermic reaction | A reaction that ABSORBS energy in the form of heat |  | 67 |
| 10892080528 | exothermic reaction | A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat |  | 68 |
