Holt Biology Chapter 1 Terms related to the major themes of biology and the scientific method
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| 4759989151 | cancer | a growth defect in cells , a breakdown of the mechanism that controls cell division. Ex. his ___ was caused by smoking. |  | 0 |
| 4759989152 | development | the change in shape or organisms over time. Ex. a child's ________ is very fast. |  | 1 |
| 4759989153 | ecology | the branch of biology that studies the interactions of organisms with one another and with nonliving parts of their environment | 2 | |
| 4759989154 | gene | sections of chromosomes made of DNA that code for traits. The basic unit of heredity. |  | 3 |
| 4759989155 | genome | the complete genetic material contained in an individual. |  | 4 |
| 4759989156 | heredity | the passing of traits from parent to offspring. Ex. scientists know that _____ can increase chances for certain diseases. |  | 5 |
| 4759989157 | HIV | a virus that attacks and destroys the human immune system. | 6 | |
| 4759989158 | interdependence | organisms in a biological community live and interact with other organisms. |  | 7 |
| 4759989159 | mutation | a change in the DNA of a gene. |  | 8 |
| 4759989160 | natural selection | process in which organisms with favorable genes are more likely to survive to reproduce. Ex. the idea of ____ ______ was first presented by Charles Darwin. |  | 9 |
| 4759989161 | organism | any living thing; something that meets all criteria of life. Ex. so far, we have not found proof of any living ________ on another planet. |  | 10 |
| 4759989162 | pH | a relative measure of the hydrogen ion concentration within a solution; Latin for "probably hydrogens". | 11 | |
| 4759989163 | absorption | process by which substances are taken into the cell or an organism. | 12 | |
| 4759989164 | assimilation | incorporation of materials into the body of an organism. | 13 | |
| 4759989165 | circulation | process by which materials are distributed (moved) throughout the organism. | 14 | |
| 4759989166 | differentiation | process by which cells become specialized for specific functions. | 15 | |
| 4759989167 | digestion | the breakdown of complex food materials into forms the organism can use. Ex. Going to sleep after eating can be bad for ____. |  | 16 |
| 4759989168 | egestion | elimination of indigestible waste. | 17 | |
| 4759989169 | excretion | removal of metabolic waste. | 18 | |
| 4759989170 | ingestion | taking in food from the environment. | 19 | |
| 4759989171 | regulation | process by which organisms maintain homeostasis, a stable internal environment. | 20 | |
| 4759989172 | reproduction | process by which organisms produce new organisms of their own kind |  | 21 |
| 4759989173 | respiration | release of chemical energy from certain nutrients. | 22 | |
| 4759989174 | synthesis | chemical combination of simple substances to form complex substances. |  | 23 |
| 4759989175 | DNA | nucleic acid polymer that stores genetic information. |  | 24 |
| 4759989176 | equilibrium | the state of both sides are balanced |  | 25 |
| 4759989177 | evolution | the process of change that has transformed life on Earth |  | 26 |
| 4759989178 | theory | a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation | 27 | |
| 4759989179 | species | group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. Ex. there are thousands of different ______ of butterflies. |  | 28 |
| 4759989180 | matter | the material that everything in the universe is made of, including solids, liquids, and gases | 29 | |
| 4759989181 | element | a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. Ex. carbon is an essential ________ of life. |  | 30 |
| 4759989182 | compound | a substance consisting of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio. Ex. water is the most common _______ on Earth. |  | 31 |
| 4759989183 | bacteria | a very small living things. Ex. Although some cause illness or disease, many ______ are harmless. |  | 32 |
| 4759989184 | virus | a very small living thing that causes infectious illnesses. Ex. HIV is the _____ that causes AIDS. |  | 33 |
| 4759989185 | algae | a very simple plant without stems or leaves that grows in or near water. |  | 34 |
| 4759989186 | fungi | simple type of plant that has no leaves or flowers and that grows on plants or other surfaces. Ex. mushrooms are a _____. |  | 35 |
| 4759989187 | oxygen | a gas that has no color or smell, is present in air, and is necessary for most animals and plants to live. Ex. the chemical symbol for _____ is O. |  | 36 |
