Terms : Hide Images
| 9318261515 | sexual reproduction | a type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from both parents via the gametes | 0 | |
| 9318261516 | zygote | the diploid cell produced by the union of haploid gametes during fertilization; a fertilized egg | 1 | |
| 9318261517 | egg | the female gamete | 2 | |
| 9318261518 | sperm | the male gamete | 3 | |
| 9318261519 | asexual reproduction | the generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes (by budding, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organism into two or more parts). In most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent |  | 4 |
| 9318261520 | parthenogenesis | a form of asexual reproduction in which females produce offspring from unfertilized eggs |  | 5 |
| 9318261521 | hermaphroditism | a condition in which an individual has both female and male gonads and functions as both a male and female in sexual reproduction by producing both sperm and eggs |  | 6 |
| 9318261522 | fertilization | the union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote | 7 | |
| 9318261523 | external fertilization | the fusion of gametes that parents have discharged into the environment | 8 | |
| 9318261524 | internal fertilization | the fusion of eggs and sperm within the female reproductive tract. The sperm are typically deposited in or near the tract | 9 | |
| 9318261525 | gonad | a male or female gamete-producing organ | 10 | |
| 9318261590 | cloaca | a common cavity at the end of the digestive tract for the release of both excretory and genital products in vertebrates (except most mammals) and certain invertebrates. Specifically, the cloaca is present in birds, reptiles, amphibians, most fish, and monotremes. | 11 | |
| 9318261591 | testis | the male reproductive gland in all animals, including humans. Produces sperm and androgens. | 12 | |
| 9318261592 | seminiferous tubule | located within the testes, and are the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of male gametes, namely spermatozoa. | 13 | |
| 9318261526 | scrotum | a common opening for the digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts found in many nonmammalian vertebrates but in few mammals | 14 | |
| 9318261527 | epididymis | a coiled tubule located adjacent to the mammalian testis where sperm are stored | 15 | |
| 9318261528 | ejaculation | the propulsion of sperm from the epididymis through the muscular vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra | 16 | |
| 9318261529 | vas deferens | in mammals, the tube in the male reproductive system in which sperm travel from the epididymis to the urethra | 17 | |
| 9318261530 | ejaculatory duct | in mammals, the short section of the ejaculatory route formed by the convergence of the vas deferens and a duct from the seminal vesicle. The ejaculatory duct transports sperm from the vas deferens to the urethra | 18 | |
| 9318261531 | urethra | a tube that releases urine from the mammalian body near the vagina in females and through the penis in males; also serves in males as the exit tube for the reproductive system | 19 | |
| 9318261532 | semen | the fluid that is ejaculated by the male during orgasm; contains sperm and secretions from several glands of the male reproductive tract | 20 | |
| 9318261533 | seminal vesicle | a gland in males that secretes a fluid component of semen that lubricates and nourishes sperm | 21 | |
| 9318261534 | prostate gland | a gland in human males that secretes an acid-neutralizing component of semen | 22 | |
| 9318261535 | penis | the copulatory structure of male mammals | 23 | |
| 9318261536 | glans | the rounded structure at the tip of the clitoris or penis that is involved in sexual arousal | 24 | |
| 9318261537 | ovary | in animals, the structure that produces female gametes and reproductive hormones | 25 | |
| 9318261538 | oocyte | a cell in the female reproductive system that differentiates to form an egg | 26 | |
| 9318261539 | uterus | a female organ where eggs are fertilized and/or development of the young occurs | 27 | |
| 9318261540 | endometrium | the inner lining of the uterus, which is richly supplied with blood vessels | 28 | |
| 9318261541 | vagina | part of the female reproductive system between the uterus and the outside opening; the birth canal in mammals. During copulation, the vagina accommodates the male's penis and receives sperm | 29 | |
| 9318261542 | vulva | collective term for the female external genitalia | 30 | |
| 9318261543 | labia majora | a pair of thick, fatty ridges that encloses and protects the rest of the vulva | 31 | |
| 9318261544 | labia minora | a pair of slender skin folds that surrounds the openings of the vagina and urethra | 32 | |
| 9318261545 | hymen | a thin membrane that partly covers the vaginal opening in the human female. The hymen is ruptured by sexual intercourse or other vigorous activity | 33 | |
| 9318261546 | clitoris | an organ at the upper intersection of the labia minora that engorges with blood and becomes erect during sexual arousal | 34 | |
| 9318261547 | mammary gland | an exocrine gland that secretes milk to nourish the young. Mammary glands are characteristic of mammals | 35 | |
| 9318261548 | gametogenesis | the process by which gametes are produced | 36 | |
| 9318261549 | spermatogenesis | the continuous and prolific production of mature sperm cells in the testis | 37 | |
| 9318261550 | spermatogonium | a cell that divides mitotically to form spermatocytes | 38 | |
| 9318261551 | acrosome | a vesicle in the tip of a sperm containing hydrolytic enzymes and other proteins that help the sperm reach the egg | 39 | |
| 9318261552 | oogonium | a cell that divides mitotically to form oocytes | 40 | |
| 9318261553 | primary oocyte | an oocyte prior to completion of meiosis I | 41 | |
| 9318261554 | secondary oocyte | an oocyte that has completed the first of the two meiotic divisions | 42 | |
| 9318261555 | corpus luteum | a secreting tissue in the ovary that forms from the collapsed follicle after ovulation and produces progesterone | 43 | |
| 9318261556 | oogenesis | the process in the ovary that results in the production of female gametes | 44 | |
| 9318261557 | follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | a tropic hormone that is produced and secreted b the anterior pituitary and that stimulates the production of eggs by the ovaries and sperm by the testes | 45 | |
| 9318261558 | luteinizing hormone (LH) | a tropic hormone that is produced and secreted by the anterior pituitary and that stimulates ovulation in females and androgen production in males | 46 | |
| 9318261559 | tropic hormones | a hormone that has an endocrine gland or endocrine cells as a target | 47 | |
| 9318261560 | progesterone | a steroid hormone that prepares the uterus for pregnancy | 48 | |
| 9318261561 | testosterone | a steroid hormone required for development of the male reproductive system, spermatogenesis, and male secondary sex characteristics; the major androgen in mammals | 49 | |
| 9318261562 | estradiol | a steroid hormone that stimulates the development and maintenance of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics; the major estrogen in mammals | 50 | |
| 9318261563 | Sertoli cell | a support cell of the seminiferous tubule that surrounds and nourishes developing sperm | 51 | |
| 9318261564 | Leydig cell | a cell that produces testosterone and other androgens and is located between the seminiferous tubules of the testes | 52 | |
| 9318261565 | menstruation | the shedding of portions of the endometrium during a uterine (menstrual) cycle | 53 | |
| 9318261566 | menstrual cycle | In humans and certain other primates, a type of reproductive cycle in which the nonpregnant endometrium is shed through the cervix into the vagina; also called the uterine cycle | 54 | |
| 9318261567 | uterine cycle | the changes that occur in the uterus during the reproductive cycle of the human female; also called the menstrual cycle | 55 | |
| 9318261568 | ovarian cycle | the cyclic recurrence of the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase in the mammalian ovary, regulated by hormones | 56 | |
| 9318261569 | follicular phase | that part of the ovarian cycle during which follicles are growing and oocytes maturing | 57 | |
| 9318261570 | menopause | the cessation of ovulation and menstruation, marking the end of a human female's reproductive years | 58 | |
| 9318261571 | estrous cycle | a reproductive cycle characteristic of female mammals except humans and certain other primates, in which the nonpregnant endometrium is reabsorbed rather than shed, and sexual response occurs only during mid-cycle at estrus | 59 | |
| 9318261572 | polyspermy | fusion of the egg with more than one sperm | 60 | |
| 9318261573 | cleavage | the succession of rapid cell divisions without significant growth during early embryonic development that converts the zygote to a ball of cells | 61 | |
| 9318261574 | blastula | a hollow ball of cells that marks the end of the cleavage stage during early embryonic development in animals | 62 | |
| 9318261575 | blastocoel | the fluid-filled cavity that forms int eh center of a blastula | 63 | |
| 9318261576 | morphogenesis | the development of the form of an organism and its structures | 64 | |
| 9318261577 | gastrulation | in animal development, a series of cell and tissue movements in which the blastula-stage embryo folds inward, producing a three-layered embryo, the gastrula | 65 | |
| 9318261578 | gastrula | an embryonic stage in animal development encompassing the formation of three layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm | 66 | |
| 9318261579 | ectoderm | the outermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering and, in some phyla, the nervous system, inner ear, and lens of the eye | 67 | |
| 9318261580 | endoderm | the innermost of the three primary germ layers in animal embryos; lines the archenteron and gives rise to the liver, pancreas, lungs, and the lining of the digestive tract in species that have these structures | 68 | |
| 9318261581 | mesoderm | the middle primary germ layer in a triploblastic animal embryo; develops into the notochord, the lining of the coelom, muscles, skeleton, gonads, kidneys, and most of the circulatory system in species that have these structures | 69 | |
| 9318261582 | conception | the fertilization of an egg by a sperm in humans | 70 | |
| 9318261583 | gestation | pregnancy; the state of carrying developing young withing the female reprodoductive tract | 71 | |
| 9318261584 | trophoblast | the outer epithelium of a mammalian blastocyst. It forms the fetal part of the placenta, supporting embryonic development but not forming part of the embryo proper | 72 | |
| 9318261585 | placenta | a structure in the pregnant uterus for nourishing a viviparous fetus with the mother's blood supply; formed from the uterine lining and embryonic membranes | 73 | |
| 9318261586 | organogenesis | the process in which organ rudiments develop from the three germ layers after gastrulation | 74 | |
| 9318261587 | fetus | a developing mammal that has all the major structures of an adult. In humans, the fetal stage lasts from the 9th week of gestation until birth | 75 | |
| 9318261588 | contraception | the deliberate prevention of pregnancy | 76 | |
| 9318261589 | in vitro fertilization (IVF) | fertilization of oocytes in laboratory containers followed by artificial implantation of the early embryo in the mother's uterus | 77 |
