Prentice Hall Biology Ch. 11 sec. 1-3
Terms : Hide Images
| 9548191475 | genetics | scientific study of heredity |  | 0 |
| 9548191476 | fertilization | process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell |  | 1 |
| 9548191477 | true-breeding | term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselves if allowed to self-pollinate |  | 2 |
| 9548191478 | trait | specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another |  | 3 |
| 9548191479 | hybrid | the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits |  | 4 |
| 9548191480 | gene | sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait |  | 5 |
| 9548191481 | allele | one of two different forms of a gene |  | 6 |
| 9548191482 | segregation | separation of alleles during gamete formation |  | 7 |
| 9548191483 | gamete | specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction |  | 8 |
| 9548191484 | probability | the likelihood that a particular event will occur |  | 9 |
| 9548191485 | punnett square | diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross |  | 10 |
| 9548191486 | homozygous | term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait |  | 11 |
| 9548191487 | heterozygous | term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait | | 12 |
| 9548191488 | phenotype | physical characteristics of an organism |  | 13 |
| 9548191489 | genotype | genetic makeup of an organism |  | 14 |
| 9548191490 | independent assortment | independent segregation of genes during the formation of gametes | 15 | |
| 9548191491 | incomplete dominance | situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another | 16 | |
| 9548191492 | codominance | situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism | 17 | |
| 9548191493 | multiple allele | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait |  | 18 |
| 9548191494 | polygenic trait | a trait controlled by two or more genes | 19 | |
| 9548191495 | dominant | The factor that masks another form of a trait |  | 20 |
| 9548191496 | recessive | Not expressed when the dominant form of the trait is present |  | 21 |
| 9548191497 | diploid | a cell that has two sets of chromosomes | 22 | |
| 9548191500 | crossing-over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis | 23 | |
| 9548191502 | gene map | diagram showing the relative locations of each known gene on a particle chromosome | 24 | |
| 9548191503 | homologous | term used to refer to chromosomes that each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite sex parent | 25 | |
| 9548191504 | haploid | term used to refer to cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes | 26 | |
| 9548191505 | meiosis | process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the seperation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell | 27 | |
| 9548232372 | tetrad | structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis | 28 | |
| 9548256486 | chromosome | threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next | 29 | |
| 9548270495 | DNA | nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose | 30 | |
| 9548291357 | monohybrid cross | a mating between two organisms with different variations at one gene of interest |  | 31 |
| 9548291358 | dihybrid cross | a cross between two different genes that differ in two observed traits |  | 32 |
| 9548335137 | genome | an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes | 33 | |
| 9548355598 | 24,000 | the number of protein-coding genes in the human genome | 34 | |
| 9613108721 | recombination | the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, resulting from a cross-over event | 35 | |
| 9613165937 | zygote | a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum. | 36 |
